(1)法律；法典

(2)(一个省的具有法律效力的)习俗；惯例

(3)特权和豁免的授予

(4)(向个人、教堂、女修道院等所作的)捐赠

(5)地方行政官(兼掌司法)〔magistrate〕关于税收、罚金等的宣示

(6)君主(给予市、镇特权的)特许令

(7)法院；法庭

(8)审判管辖权

• judge's order
• Judge's Rules
• judge trial
• judgment
• judgment book
• judgment by cognovit actionem
• judgment by confession
• judgment by confession relicta verificatione
• judgment by consent
• judgment by default
• judgment by default and inquiry
• judgment by default final
• judgment by nil dicit
• judgment by non sum informatus
• judgment by one's peers
• judgment creditor
• judgment creditor's action
• judgment debitum sine brevi
• judgment de bonis intestati
• judgment de bonis testatoris
• judgment debt
• judgment debtor
• judgment debtor summons
• judgment de melioribus damnis
• judgment de tarris