88

conspiracy

a bad bargain. The avoidance of a disbenefit might be sufficient, assuming there is no DURESS or FRAUD: Williams v. Roffey [1990] 1 All ER 512. Past consideration is not sufficient unless the original act was done by the promisor's request. Part payment of a debt in English law can only be discharged by full ACCORD AND SATISFACTION under the rule in Pinnel's Case (1602). The absence of consideration is fatal (Foakes v. Beer (1884) 9 AC 605), but the common law permits satis- faction if the creditor has requested payment of a smaller sum before the due date, requested payment at a different place or requested payment by different means. The doctrine of promissory ESTOPPEL in equity has been accepted as providing a basis for holding parties to agreements in the absence of consideration: see Central London Prop- erty Trust v. High Trees House [1947] 1 KB 130. See CONTRACT.

• Lord President of the Court of Session
• loss adjuster
• losses in partnership
• loss relief
• lost modern grant
• lump sum order
• Maastricht Treaty
• magistrate
• Magna Carta
• maills and duties
• maintenance
• maintenance and champerty
• maintenance assessment
• majority
• majority verdict
• maladministration
• mala fides
• malice aforethought
• malicious injuries legislation
• malicious mischief
• malicious prosecution
• malingerer
• man
• management committee
• managing director