(1)书面订明的信托
指信托意图已经书面订明的信托。

(2)已生效的信托
指信托财产和权益已在设立信托的文书中得到明确限定，并已将信托财产和权益为指定受益人的利益而转移给了受信托人，无需受托人再为某些行为即已生效的信托。

• constructive loss
• constructively received
• constructive malice
• constructive mortgage
• constructive murder
• constructive notice
• constructive ownership
• constructive payment
• constructive placement of cars
• constructive possession
• constructive presence
• constructive-receipt doctrine
• constructive reduction to practice
• constructive repeal
• constructive seisin
• constructive seizure
• constructive service doctrine
• constructive service of process
• constructive taking
• constructive total loss
• constructive transfer
• constructive treason
• constructive trust
• constructive trust ex delicto
• constructive willfulness