| 单词 | privilege |
| 释义 | priv·i·lege n [Latin privilegium law affecting a specific person, special right, from privus private + leg- lex law] 1: a right, license, or exemption from duty or liability granted as a special benefit, advantage, or favor: as a: an exemption from liability where an action is deemed to be justifiable (as in the case of self-defense) or because of the requirements of a position or office; also: the affirmative defense that an action is privileged compare excuse absolute privilege: a privilege that exempts a person from liability esp. for defamation regardless of intent or motive; specif: a privilege that exempts high public officials (as legislators) from liability for statements made while acting in their official capacity without regard to intent or malice qualified privilege: a privilege esp. in the law of defamation that may be defeated esp. by a showing of actual malice – called also conditional privilege; b: an exemption from a requirement to disclose information (as for trial) that is granted because of a relationship or position that demands confidentiality the attorney-client ~ the doctor-patient ~ the marital ~ the priest-penitent ~ see also confidential communication deliberative process privilege: a privilege exempting the government from disclosure (as in discovery) of government agency materials containing opinions, recommendations, and other communications that are part of the decision-making process within the agency executive privilege: a privilege exempting the executive branch of government from disclosing communications if such disclosure would adversely affect the functions and decision-making process of that branch see also united states v. nixon in the important cases section ◇ Executive privilege is based on the separation of powers doctrine. In United States v. Nixon, the Supreme Court held that this privilege is not absolute and that without a claim of a need to protect military, diplomatic, or national security secrets, the need for evidence in a criminal trial will outweigh a general assertion of executive privilege. informant's privilege: the privilege of the government to withhold the identity of an informant who has provided evidence for a criminal trial – called also informer's privilege; jour·nal·ist's privilege: reporter's privilege in this entry privilege against self–incrimination: a privilege under the Fifth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protecting a person from compulsion to make self-incriminating statements re·port·er's privilege: a privilege protecting a reporter from compulsion to reveal information acquired in the course of gathering news – called also journalist's privilege; c: something specially permitted or granted as a matter of discretion that may be limited or taken away right to...mooring permit is not necessarily created because discretionary state ~ was generously granted in [the] past — National Law Journal compare right d in the civil law of Louisiana: a right of a creditor conferred by the nature of a debt to have priority over the debtor's other creditors 2: any of various fundamental or specially sacred rights considered as particularly guaranteed to all persons by a constitution and esp. by the privileges and immunities clause of the U.S. Constitution |
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法律词典收录了7366条英汉双解法律词条，基本涵盖了常用法律英语单词及短语词组的翻译及用法，是法律学习的有利工具。