| 释义 |
effects doctrine
The jurisdiction of a state is normally confined to its territorial extent. However, in the area of economic regulation, especially in anti-monopoly (trust) legislation, US courts in particular have shown a willingness to extend US domestic legislation beyond territorial boundaries. Tribunals in the US (for example, in US v Watchmakers of Switzerland Information Center Inc 133 F Supp 40 (1955) have adopted the view that whenever activity abroad has consequences or effects within the USA that are contrary to municipal legislation, then the US courts are empowered to make orders requiring the disposition of patent rights and other property of foreign corporations etc. The Court of Justice of the European Union has applied a similar principle in respect of company subsidiaries (A Ahlstom Oy v Commission [1988] ECR 5193 (Woodpulp Case)). |