| 单词 | Disease of the mind |
| 释义 | 精神病 1. Mental illness. 2. In order to constitute insanity in the eyes of the law, the malfunction of mental facilities named ‘defect of reason’ in the M’Naghten Rules must result from an underlying pathological or temporary infirmity of the mind, which may properly be termed mental illness. The defence of insanity as defined by the M’Naghten Rules does not apply to the case of an accused who know what he was doing and that it was wrong, but was unable, owing to disease of the mind, to prevent himself from doing what he did: Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, Vol 9, Criminal Law and Procedure [130.037]. There must be a malfunctioning of the mind caused by disease; a malfunctioning caused by an external factor such as alcohol, drugs or injury does not constitute a disease of the mind: R v Quick, R v Paddison [1973] QB 910, 3 All ER 347 (CA). Epileptic seizure was held to be a disease of the mind: R v Sullivan [1984] AC 156, [1983] 2 All ER 673, 77 Cr App Rep 176 (HL). Psychologist may not be qualified to give opinion evidence on disease of mind: HKSAR v Tsang Chiu Tik & Anor [1999] 4 HKC 845, 3 HKLRD 301 (CA). See also Disability; M’Naghten rules. 1. 精神上的疾病。 2. 如要構成法律上的精神錯亂則在M’Naghten的原則中稱為「心智上的缺陷」的精神能力失常須由根本的病理或暫時的精神病患（即一般稱為精神疾病）所引致。凡有關案件的被控人知悉自己的行為屬不當，但因精神病而無能力阻止自己作出該行為，則M’Naghten的原則所界定的精神錯亂抗辯並不適用：Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, 第9冊，刑法與刑事訴訟程序，第[130.037]段。須有由疾病引致的精神失常；由外在因素（例如酒精、藥物或受傷）引致的精神失常不足以構成精神病：R v Quick, R v Paddison [1973] QB 910, 3 All ER 347 （芵國上訴法院）。法院判定癲癇性發作屬精神病：R v Sullivan [1984] AC 156, [1983] 2 All ER 673，77 Cr App Rep 176 （上議院）。心理學家可能不符合就精神病提供意見證據的資格：HKSAR v Tsang Chiu Tik & Anor [1999] 4 HKC 845，3 HKLRD 301 （上訴法庭）。另見 Disability; M’Naghten rules。 |
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