| 释义 |
International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia
(ICTFY) A tribunal created in 1993 pursuant to two resolutions of the UN Security Council (UNSC Res 808 & 827 (1993)). The Security Council, having found that the widespread violations of international humanitarian law occurring within the territory of the former Yugoslavia, including the practice of “ethnic cleansing”, constituted a threat to international peace and security, exercised its powers under Chapter VII of the Charter. The tribunal’s statute gave power to hear cases that extended to grave breaches under the Geneva Convention (Article 2), war crimes (Article 3), genocide (Article 4), and crimes against humanity (Article 5) that occurred on the territory of the former Yugoslavia from 1991. The statute also stripped traditional absolute immunity from public officials for their official actions in Article 7(2). The tribunal closed on 31 December 2017, having secured the conviction of 90 persons (out of 161 indicted). See International Criminal Court. |