| 释义 |
public–private partnership
(PPP) A collaborative contractual relationship between private and public actors for their mutual benefit. Various types of arrangements fall under this general term, and different states and international organizations have different definitions. PPPs are always made for the provision of public or quasi-public goods or services, and they are nearly always longer-term arrangements. Typically, the public actor delegates the provision of some of its services to private actors, who bear a significant part of the risk and responsibility. PPPs often involve the construction of infrastructure, but may also involve the operation, maintenance, and provision of services. Models include concessions, operation and maintenance agreements, build and operate agreements, and product development partnerships. The aim is to save costs for the public sector and to encourage innovation, but there is no real evidence as to how effective PPPs are on either count. |