| 单词 | Voidable instrument |
| 释义 | 可使無效的文書 A formal legal document creating rights and duties that can be rescinded or affirmed at one of the parties’ option. The instrument is not a nullity from the beginning and until it is rescinded, it is valid and binding. If the option is not exercised within a reasonable time so that the position of the parties has become altered, the option to rescind may be lost and the party will be bound. An instrument may be voidable due to faults intrinsic to the document, the conduct of one or all of the parties to the document (fraud, for example), or the mental incapacity of one of the parties. In relation to a voidable instrument executed by an infant, when that infant attains twenty-one it is binding upon him until he repudiates it, and he must repudiate it, if at all, within a reasonable time after he attains twenty-one. What is a reasonable time depends upon all the circumstances of each particular case: Carter v Silber, Carter v Hasluck [1892] 2 Ch 278 (CA). See also Fraud; Instrument; Mental incapacity; Void. 設定一方當事人可選擇撤銷或確認涉及權利及義務的正式法律文件。該文書並非從一開始無效，直至被撤銷為止，該文書仍然有效及具約束力。如在合理的時間內沒有行使選擇權，因而該文書的當事人的情況已被更改，則撤銷的選擇權會失掉，有關的當事人亦會受約束。某文書可因以下原因而無效：文件內在的錯失、文件的其中一方當事人或所有當事人的行為（例如欺詐）、或其中一方當事人精神上無行為能力。有關由某未成年人執行的可使無效的文書，當該未成年人年滿廿一歲時，該文書即對其具約束力，直至他廢除該文書為止，並且必須在他已年滿廿一歲後的合理時間內廢除。合理時間的涵義取決於每宗個別案件的所有情況：Carter v Silber, Carter v Hasluck [1892] 2 Ch 278（芵國上訴法院）。另見 Fraud; Instrument; Mental incapacity; Void。 |
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