| 单词 | Margin of solvency |
| 释义 | 償付準備金 The excess of the value of an insurer’s assets over the amount of its liabilities: Insurance Companies (Margin of Solvency) Regulation (Cap 41F) reg 2. The amount of liabilities of an insurer arising under or in connection with contracts for long term business for the purpose of calculating the required margin of solvency is to be determined in accordance with the Insurance Companies (Determination of Long Term Liabilities) Regulation (Cap 41E): reg 3. The margin of solvency is generally calculated by aggregating two components, a percentage of mathematical reserves (ie the provision made by an insurer to cover liabilities (excluding liabilities which have fallen due and liabilities arising from deposit back arrangements) arising under or in connection with contracts for long term business and a percentage of capital at risk: regs 4-8. An insurer must maintain an excess of assets over liabilities of not less than the statutory required margin under the Insurance Companies Ordinance (Cap 41) to ensure its ability to meet its liabilities as and when they occur. A general insurance company must maintain a margin of solvency determined on the ‘premium income basis’ or ‘claims outstanding basis’ (Insurance Companies Ordinance (Cap 41) ss 8(3)(b)(i), 10(1)) whichever is greater and subject to a minimum of HK$10m. A general insurance company which is authorised to carry on compulsory insurance is required to have a solvency margin of HK$20m: s 8(3)(b)(ii).) 保險人的資產值超出其負債額的數額：《保險公司（償付準備金）規例》（第41F章） 第 2條。按照保險公司（長期負債釐定）規例（第41E章）第3(2)條，以釐定根據或關於長期業務的合約產生的保險人的負債額，以計算規定償付準備金。通常藉併合兩個元素計算償付準備金，即根據或關於長期業務的合約產生的數理儲備金百分比（即由保險人作出以抵償負債的條文，但已到期支付的負債和產生自回存安排的負債除外），及風險資本的百分比：第 4-8條。保險人須維持資產值超出其負債額的數額，即不少於根據《保險公司條例》 (第41章) 的法定規定準備金，以確保發生負債時有能力應付負債。一般保險公司須維持「以保費收入為基礎」或「以未決申索為基礎」（以數額中較大者為準，及符合最少港幣10,000,000的規定）而決定的償付準備金：《保險公司條例》（第41章）第 8(3)(b)(i)及10(1)條）。獲授權進行強制保險的一般保險公司須有港幣20,000,000的償付準備金：第8(3)(b)(ii)條。 |
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