| 单词 | Compensation order |
| 释义 | 補償令 A court order directing that reparations be made by an offender to any aggrieved person to compensate for loss or injury sustained as a result of the acts of the offender. The court may, in addition to passing sentence, order the person convicted to pay to any aggrieved person compensation for personal injury, loss of or damage to property or both and the amount ordered as compensation, which shall be deemed a judgement debt: Criminal Procedure Ordinance (Cap 221) s 73; Magistrates Ordinance (Cap 227) s 98. Compensation orders are normally reserved for cases where the defendant is shown to have assets. The order in effect provides the victim with a judgement which can be enforced without the time and expense of taking civil proceedings being incurred. Compensation orders are not normally made where the defendant cannot pay the amount and will in consequence possibly be lured back into crime: R v Li Chi Wah [1995] 1 HKC 227, 1 HKCLR 120 (CA); R v Roland Joseph Inwood [1974] 60 Cr App Rep 70. Before ordering that compensation be paid, the court must be satisfied that there was a realistic ability to pay on the part of the accused. The compensation order was inappropriate if the offender had no ability himself to make any repayment whilst in prison, and was left to depend on his family for the payments: HKSAR v Cheung Chun Wing [2000] 1 HKLRD 189 (CA). It was not intended that a compensation order should preface sentence. The two matters were part of the magistrate’s adjudication and were to be considered at the same time. If a magistrate considered a compensation order appropriate, he could make the order in addition to any sentence he passed: R v Wong Mun Yee [1988] HKLY 337. 法院可命令犯罪者向任何受屈的人作補償，藉以補償受屈的人因犯罪者的作為而蒙受的損失或損害。除了處以刑罰外，法院亦可命令被定罪的人向任何受屈的人就其人身傷亡、或財物損失或損壞、或人身傷害及財物損失或損壞付給補償，而根據該命令作為補償的款額須當作為經判定債項：《刑事訴訟程序條例》（第221章）第73條；《裁判官條例》（第227章）第98條。補償令通常用於被告人被證明有資產的案件中。此令讓受害人可強制執行判決，而毋須招致進行民事法律程序的時間和開支。但如被告人無能力支付該筆款額、並可能因此而再被誘犯罪，則法院通常不會作出補償令：R v Li Chi Wah [1995] 1 HKC 227, 1 HKCLR 120（上訴法院）；R v Roland Joseph Inwood [1974] 60 Cr App Rep 70。在命令支付補償前，法院必須信納被控人有實際能力支付有關補償。如犯罪者在獄中無自身能力而須憑藉其家人支付補償，則補償令並不適用：HKSAR v Cheung Chun Wing [2000] 1 HKLRD 189（上訴法院）。補償令並非刑罰的開端，兩者均屬裁判官作判決的一部份，並同時獲予以考慮；如裁判官認為補償令適用，可在其處以的任何刑罰以外作出該補償令：R v Wong Mun Yee [1988] HKLY 337。 |
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