| 释义 |
waste disposal
Under the Control of Pollution Act 1974 household, commercial, and industrial waste may be disposed of only in licensed sites. Local authorities are generally required to collect household waste free of charge, although there is often a charge for garden waste or large items. There is a charge for the collection of waste from business premises. Local authorities are also obliged to provide free refuse dumps for the disposal of household waste. Householders and businesses now have a duty of care in respect of waste removed from their property by builders, gardeners, scrap-metal merchants, etc. If the contractors are not registered with the Environment Agency as authorized carriers of waste, the householder may be liable for a fine. Waste has traditionally been buried in landfill sites but recent European and UK legislation has placed strict controls on the amount and type of material sent to landfill. The current regulatory framework is based on EU law, notably the Landfill Directive 1999, as implemented by the Landfill Regulations 2002 (effective 2004). The treatment and storage of scrap motor vehicles are governed by the End Of Life Vehicles (ELV) Directive 2001, which came into effect in the UK in 2003. Stringent controls on emissions from the incineration of waste were introduced by the Waste Incineration Directive (WID) 2000 and the Industrial Emissions Directive 2010. There are special regulations dealing with the treatment, carriage, and disposal of hazardous waste. A new post-Brexit framework for the regulation of waste disposal has been set out in the government’s Environment Act 2021. See also pollution. |