| 单词 | Salvage money |
| 释义 | 救助款項 The award given by the owners of a ship or cargo to the people who save the ship or cargo by providing salvage services. The salvage money cannot be claimed by those already responsible for the care of the ship. There must be a voluntary rendering of services in the sense that the services must not have been rendered pursuant to a contractual or official duty owed to the salved vessel: The Oceanic Grandeur [1972] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 396. The award is assessed by the court or arbitrator, or fixed by agreement. Subject to the salved value of the vessel and other property, the award should be fixed with a view to encourage salvage operation. The criteria for fixing the award include (a) the value of the salved property; (b) the skill and efforts of the salvors in preventing or minimising damage to the environment; (c) the measure of success obtained; (d) the nature and degree of the danger; (e) the skill and efforts of the salvors in salving the property and life; (f) the time used and expenses and loss incurred by the salvors; (g) the risks run by the salvors or their equipment; (h) the promptness of the services rendered; (i) the availability and use of vessels or other equipment intended for salvage operation; (j) the state of readiness and efficiency of the salvor’s equipment and the value thereof: Merchant Shipping (Collision Damage Liability and Salvage) Ordinance (Cap 508) s 9, sch 1; International Convention on Salvage 1989 art 13. The factors to be considered are not exhaustive and will depend on the circumstances of each case: for example The Bosworth (No 1) [1960] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 163 (CA). Also known as ‘salvage’ or ‘salvage reward’. See also Admiralty Court; Cargo; Salvage; Salvage agreement; Salvage charges; Salved vessel; Salving vessel. 由船隻或貨物的擁有人，向提供救助服務以救助船隻或貨物的人給與的報酬。已經須要負責照顧船隻的人不可申索救助款項。必須自願提供救助服務，即必不可按照合約或正式的責任對獲救助船隻作出救助服務：The Oceanic Grandeur [1972] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 396。 報酬由法院或仲裁人評估或以協議訂定。按照獲救助船隻及其他財物的價值，應以鼓勵救助作業的目的訂定報酬。評定報酬的標準包括(a) 獲救的船舶財產的價值； (b) 救助人在防止或減輕對環境損害方面的技能和努力；(c) 救助人獲得成功的程度； (d) 危險的性質和程度； (e) 救助人在救助船舶財物及人命方面的技能和努力； (f) 救助人所花的時間、費用及遭受的損失； (g) 救助人或其設備的責任風險； (h) 提供服務的及時性； (i) 用於救助作業的船舶及其他設備的可用性及使用情況； (j) 救助設備的備用狀況、效能和設備的價值：《商船 (碰撞損害法律責任及救助) 條例 》（第508章）第9條及附表1；《1989年國際救助公約》第13條。考慮的因素並不限於此，並會視乎個別案件的情況處理：例如 The Bosworth (No 1) [1960] 1 Lloyd’s Rep 163 （英國上訴法院）。另稱「救助」或「救助報酬」。另見 Admiralty Court; Cargo; Salvage; Salvage agreement; Salvage charges; Salved vessel; Salving vessel。 |
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