| 单词 | Emergency powers |
| 释义 | 緊急情況的權力 The powers available to an authority in situations of emergency. The Emergency Regulations Ordinance (Cap 241) is the principal source of emergency powers available to the Chief Executive. On any occasion which the Chief Executive in Council may consider to be an occasion of emergency or public danger, he may make any regulations whatsoever which he may consider desirable in the public interest: Emergency Regulations Ordinance (Cap 241) s 2(1). The Basic Law does not provide a general scheme for the use of emergency powers. However, it provides that in the event that the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress decides to declare a state of war or, by reason of turmoil within the Hong Kong SAR which endangers national unity or security and is beyond the control of the Government of the Hong Kong SAR, decides that the Hong Kong SAR is in a state of emergency, the Central People’s Government may issue an order applying the relevant national laws in the Hong Kong SAR: Basic Law art 18. In time of public emergency which threatens the life of the nation and the existence, measures may be taken derogating from the Bill of Rights to the extent strictly required by the exigencies of the situation, but these measures shall be taken in accordance with law: Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance (Cap 383) s 5. See also Prerogative powers; State of emergency. 在緊急的情況下，賦予有關當局的權力。《緊急情況規例條例》（第241章）是行政長官可使用緊急情況的權力的主要來源。在行政長官會同行政會議認為屬緊急情況或危害公安的情況時，行政長官會同行政會議可訂立任何他認為合乎公眾利益的規例：《緊急情況規例條例》（第241章）第2(1)條。基本法並沒有就緊急情況的權力的使用提供一般計劃。但基本法規定，如全國人民代表大會常務委員會決定宣布戰爭狀態、或因香港特別行政區內發生香港特別行政區政府不能控制的危及國家統一或安全的動亂而決定香港特別行政區進入緊急狀態，中央人民政府可發布命令將有關全國性法律在香港特別行政區實施：《基本法》第18條。如經當局正式宣布緊急狀態，而該緊急狀態危及國本，得在此種危急情勢絕對必要之限度內，採取減免履行人權法案的措施，但採取此等措施，必須按照法律而行：《香港人權法案條例》 （第383章）第5條。另見 Prerogative powers; State of emergency。 |
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