| 单词 | Innocent misrepresentation |
| 释义 | 無意的失實陳述 A misrepresentation, which is neither fraudulent nor negligent made upon actual honest belief. No action for damages lies for a mere innocent misrepresentation (Heilbut, Symons & Co v Buckleton [1913] AC 30 (HL); Gilchester Properties Ltd v Gomm [1948] 1 All ER 493) unless the representor and representee have entered into a contract after the misrepresentation was made, and the misrepresentation thus became either a contractual promise or would be supported by consideration: Dick Bentley Productions Ltd & Anor v Harold Smith (Motors) Ltd [1965] 2 All ER 65, 1 WLR 623 (CA). An agent who made an innocent misrepresentation renders only his principal, but not himself, liable under the Misrepresentation Ordinance (Cap 284) s 3(1): Aktieselskabet Dansk Skibsfinansiering v Wheelock Marden & Co Ltd & Ors [1998] 3 HKC 153 (CA). An innocent non-disclosure of material facts to the insurer is deemed to be innocent misrepresentation, and is sufficient to vitiate the insurance policy: Lai Chui Kar Poa Helen v American International Assurance Co (Bermuda) Ltd [1985] 2 HKC 689 (HC). Equity permits the party misled to rescind the contract ab initio providing the parties can be restored to their pre-contractual positions: Glasgow and South Western Rly Co v Boyd & Forrest [1915] AC 526 (HL); Lee Cheuk v Siu Wai Kin [1946-1972] HKC 118 (CA). For a purely innocent misrepresentation that is neither fraudulent nor negligent, damages are not available at common law: Lawrence v Hull (1924) 41 TLR 75. See also Contract; Damages; Fraudulent misrepresentation; Misrepresentation; Negligent misrepresentation; Rescission. 基於實際並誠實的信念而作出（而非欺詐性或疏忽）的失實陳述。針對純粹「無意的失實陳述」，不得有損害賠償的訴訟提出（Heilbut, Symons & Co v Buckleton [1913] AC 30（上議院）；Gilchester Properties Ltd v Gomm [1948] 1 All ER 493）；但如在作出陳述後，陳述者及受陳述者締約，該項陳述並因而成為合約的承諾或受代價支持，則屬例外：Dick Bentley Productions Ltd & Anor v Harold Smith(Motors) Ltd [1965] 2 All ER 65, 1 WLR 623（上訴法院）。作出「無意的失實陳述」的代理人只會令致其主事人（而非代理人本身）須根據《失實陳述條例》（第284章）第3(1)條負有法律責任：Aktieselskabet Dansk Skibsfinansiering v Wheelock Marden & Co Ltd & Ors [1998] 3 HKC 153（上訴法院）。如無意向承保人不披露重要事實，會被視為「無意的失實陳述」，並足以使該保險單成為無效：Lai Chui Kar Poa Helen v American International Assurance Co(Bermuda) Ltd [1985] 2 HKC 689(高等法院)。衡平法中，只要締約雙方能回復到其在締約前的處境，被誤導的一方可撤銷合約，使合約由最初開始即屬無效：Glasgow and South Western Rly Co v Boyd & Forrest [1915] AC 526（上議院）；Lee Cheuk v Siu Wai Kin [1946-1972] HKC 118（上訴法院）。普通法沒有為並非欺詐性或疏忽的純粹「無意的失實陳述」提供損害賠償：Lawrence v Hull(1924) 41 TLR 75。另見 Contract; Damages; Fraudulent misrepresentation; Misrepresentation; Negligent misrepresentation; Rescission. |
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