| 单词 | Bond rating agencies |
| 释义 | 債券評估機構 Firms or institutions that provide informed and considered judgements on the quality of corporate, municipal, and other bonds for those interested in the merits of particular issues. Ratings are essentially a ranking of bond issues according to the risk of default, primarily based on the credit-worthiness and financial stability of bond issuer. Agencies must not engage in the market or be connected with investors or issues. The best known bond rating agencies in the United States are Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s. Both Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s adopt similar rating scales from AAA/Aaa (smallest risk) to D/- (already in default). See also AAA; Junk bond. 就公司債券、國內債券及其他債券的質素，向對個別債券的價值感到有興趣的人士，提供有資料根據及經過深思熟慮的評價的公司或團體。評估基本上是按照債券失誤的風險作出評級，主要是根據債券發行者的信貸可靠性及財務穩定狀況評估。有關的機構不可參與市場的投資活動或與投資者或債券有關連。美國最著名的債券評估機構是「標準普爾評級」及「穆迪評級」。標準普爾及穆迪評級均採用類似的評估等級，單位由AAA/Aaa（最低風險）至D/-（已失誤）。另見 AAA; Junk bond。 |
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