法律英语词汇“Special relationship”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-法律词典

单词	Special relationship
释义	特別關係 A relationship of such a nature that one party is regarded by the law as owing a duty of care to another: Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Mardon [1976] QB 801. A duty of care in relation to negligent misstatements arises where there is special relationship between the person giving the information or advice and the recipient who suffered loss through the inaccuracy of the statement: Bank of East Asia, Ltd v Tsien Wui Marble Factory Ltd [2000] 1 HKC 1 (CFA). In order to determine whether there exists a special relationship of proximity, three things must be considered: (a) what was the damage; (b) what was the cause of that damage; and (c) whether there had been an assumption of liability in respect of the subject matter of the cause of complaint: Bank of East Asia, Ltd v Tsien Wui Marble Factory Ltd, supra. Where there is a special relationship between the defendant and the plaintiff based on an assumption of responsibility by the defendant, there is a general duty to prevent a third party from causing damage to another. For example, an undertaking to look after the plaintiff’s property (Stansbie v Troman [1948] 2 KB 48, 1 All ER 599 (CA)) or child (T (a minor) v Surrey County Council & Ors [1994] 4 All ER 577). Such general duty exists where there is a special relationship between the defendant and the third party based on control by the defendant over certain classes of persons: Carmarthenshire County Council v Lewis [1955] AC 549, [1955] 1 All ER 565 (HL); Clunis v Camden and Islington Health Authority [1998] 3 All ER 180 (CA). See also Misstatement; Undue influence. 此關係的性質在於法律視一方對另一方負有謹慎責任：Esso Petroleum Co Ltd v Mardon [1976] QB 801。如給予資料或意見的人和蒙受損害的收受人之間透過陳述的偏差有特別關係，則會產生關於疏忽失實陳述的謹慎責任：Bank of East Asia, Ltd v Tsien Wui Marble Factory Ltd [2000] 1 HKC 1（終審法院）。為裁定是否有特別接近的關係，法院必須考慮三項事情：(a)有關的損害；(b)損害的因由；及 (c)就申訴的因由的標的事項而言，是否須承擔法律責任：Bank of East Asia, Ltd v Tsien Wui Marble Factory Ltd, 見上文。如被告和原告之間基於推定被告有責任而有特別關係，則有阻止第三方導致他人損害的一般責任。例如承諾看顧原告的財物（Stansbie v Troman [1948] 2 KB 48, 1 All ER 599 （英國上訴法院））或子女(T (a minor) v Surrey County Council [1994] 4 All ER 577)。如被告和第三方之間基於被告在若干類別人士之上的控制而有特別關係，則會出現此一般的責任：Carmarthenshire County Council v Lewis [1955] AC 549, [1955] 1 All ER 565 (上議院)；Clunis v Camden and Islington Health Authority [1998] 3 All ER 180 (英國上訴法院)。另見 Misstatement; Undue influence。
随便看	Short selling Show cause Show of hands Sibling Sic Sick leave Sickness Sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas Sight bill Sign Signatory Signature Signed, sealed and delivered Signification Silence Silent partner Silk Similar fact evidence Simple contract Simple contract debt Simpliciter Sine die Sine qua non Single bond Single parent

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