| 单词 | Gift |
| 释义 | 饋贈 A voluntary transfer of property made without consideration: Berry v Warnett (Inspector of Taxes) [1980] 3 All ER 789, [1981] 1 WLR 1 (CA). The consideration may be so small that a nominal purchase may be deemed as a gift or voluntary settlement: Howard v Earl of Shrewsbury (1867) 2 Ch App 760 (CA). To be valid, there must be: an intention to transfer the property; acts (such as physical delivery) which give effect to that intention; no obligation on the donor to make the transfer; and no return to the donor of material advantage: Leary v FCT (1980) 32 ALR 221. As there cannot be a gift without a giving and taking, these being the two reciprocal acts which constitute a gift, so it is necessary that the donor should be competent to give and the donee should be competent to receive what is intended to be given: Halsbury’s Laws of England, Vol 20, 4th Ed Reissue, p 3, para 2. See also Consideration; Deed of gift; Donee; Donor; Gift inter vivos; Gratuity; Volunteer. 在沒有任何代價的情況下，作出自願性的財產轉移：Berry v Warnett (Inspector of Taxes) [1980] 3 All ER 789, [1981] 1 WLR 1（芵國上訴法院）。可視小量代價（例如名義上的購買）為饋贈或無償授產安排：Howard v Earl of Shrewsbury (1867) 2 Ch App 760 （芵國上訴法院）。如擬使饋贈有效，則必須具備下列條件：轉移財產的意圖；使該意圖具有效力的作為（實際上的交付）；但該贈與人沒有轉移財產的義務；而該贈與人沒有任何重大利益的回報：Leary v FCT (1980) 32 ALR 221。由於饋贈不可能在沒有給予與收取（此兩項是構成饋贈的互惠作為）的情況下存在，所以贈與人必須有足夠能力付出，而該受贈人須有足夠能力收取贈與人意圖給予的饋贈：Halsbury’s Laws of England, 第20冊，第4冊（再發行）第3頁第2段。另見 Consideration; Deed of gift; Donee; Donor; Gift inter vivos; Gratuity; Volunteer。n. |
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