| 单词 | Apparent alteration |
| 释义 | 明顯的更改 A change to the text of a negotiable instrument, which is apparent upon inspection. Where a material alteration to the instrument is not apparent, a holder in due course may use it as if it was unaltered, enforcing payment according to its original terms: Bills of Exchange Ordinance (Cap 19) s 64(1). An alteration is ‘apparent’ where the party seeking to be bound can at once discern and point out to the holder of the note that it has been materially altered, although the alteration is not obvious to everyone: Leeds Bank v Walker (1883) 11 QBD 84. However, an alteration would be apparent if it would be observed and noticed on reasonable scrutiny by an intending holder: Wollatt v Stanley (1928) 138 LT 620. The proviso in s 64(1) is inserted for the benefit of a holder in due course, but the onus of proving that an alteration is not apparent rests on the holder. See also Holder in due course; Material alteration; Negotiable instrument. 可流轉票據上文字的更改，在審閱時明顯看到的。凡某要項上的更改並不明顯，則當期持有人可使用該匯票，猶如該匯票未經更改一樣，並可按該匯票的原先條款要求強制執行該匯票的付款責任：《匯票條例》（第19章）第64(1)條。凡某一方尋求受約束可即時察覺及向票據持有人指出該票據曾有要項上的更改，則該項更改屬「明顯」的，縱使該項更改對每一個人而言不屬明顯：Leeds Bank v Walker 11 QBD 84。但若該項更改可由未來的持有人經合理的詳細查閱而察覺及注意到，則該項更改屬的明顯：Wollatt v Stanley (1928) 138 LT 620。第64(1)條的但書是為使當期持有人得益而載入，但證明該項更改不屬明顯的舉證責任則在持有人身上。另見 Holder in due course; Material alteration; Negotiable instrument。 |
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