| 单词 | Competition law |
| 释义 | 競爭法 The general term, used mostly in Europe, for the body of law in various jurisdictions throughout the world dealing with regulation of practice of preventing or restricting competition. Each jurisdiction’s competition law is based on its own national and regional jurisprudence and economic and political rationale, usually with the underlying general belief (for different reasons) that free market behaviour is the ideal. Thus, each set of laws deals with a standard set of prohibitions and issues, including contracts in restraint of trade, exclusive dealing, abuses of a dominant position or market power, mergers and acquisitions, cartel, price discrimination and other commercial restrictive agreements. Also known as ‘restrictive trade practices law’ in Australia and ‘antitrust law’ in the United States. There is no competition or anti-trust law in Hong Kong, nor any requirements in Hong Kong that joint venture agreement which impose prevention, distortion of competition or restrictions of one sort or another on the parties concerned require registration: Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, Vol 20, Partnerships and Joint Ventures [290.253]. Although there are no antitrust or competition laws in Hong Kong, many Hong Kong SAR air services agreements are subject to those laws in the jurisdiction of the bilateral partner: Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, Vol 4, Civil Aviation [85.056] note 3. See also Acquisition; Antitrust; Contract in restraint of trade; Restraint of trade; Restrictive trade practices. 適用於世界各個管轄區的法律主體內容的一般性詞語，用於規範阻礙或限制競爭的行為，主要用於歐洲。各管轄區域內的競爭法根據其所屬國家和地區的法學理論以及經濟和政治基本原理而制定，通常包含自由的市場行為是理想的這一基本的普遍信念（出於不同的原因）。因此，一套法律處理標準的一組禁止性行為和其他事項，包括限制貿易合約，排他交易，濫用支配性地位或市場權力，兼並和收購，同業聯盟，價格歧視和其他商業限制性協議。在澳大利亞被稱為‘限制貿易行為法’，在美國被稱為「反壟斷法」。香港並無競爭法或反壟斷法，香港也並不要求對造成阻礙、擾亂競爭或限制一類或一個合資方的合資協議進行登記：Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong，第20冊，合夥和合資企業，第[290.253]段。儘管香港並無反壟斷法或競爭法，但是許多香港特別行政區航空服務協議應遵守雙邊合作者的管轄內的法律：Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong，第4冊，民航，第[85.056]段註3。另見 Acquisition; Antitrust; Contract in restraint of trade; Restraint of trade; Restrictive trade practice。 |
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