| 单词 | Bretton Woods Agreement |
| 释义 | Bretton Woods協定／布雷頓森林協定 An agreement on the aims of post-war monetary policy reached at an international monetary and financial conference held at Bretton Woods in New Hampshire, United States in 1944. The aims enunciated were to make all currencies freely convertible, encourage multilateral trade, keep exchange rates stable and provide assistance to countries experiencing temporary difficulties with their balance of payments. A direct result of the agreement was the creation of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. In 1971, the Bretton Woods Agreement effectively collapsed with the United States government decision to suspend the convertibility of the dollar into gold and the subsequent movement towards free exchange rates. See also International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; International Monetary Fund. 1994年於美國新罕布什爾州中北部的布雷頓森林舉行的國際金融及財經會議中，達成的戰後金融政策目標協定。發表的目標為使各國貨幣可自由轉換、鼓勵多邊貿易、保持匯率穩定及向面對短期收支困難的國家提供援助。此協定的直接成果乃成立國際貨幣基金及世界銀行。1971年，布雷頓森林協定因美國政府決定停止貨幣與黃金的轉換及其後自由匯率的發展而崩潰。另見 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; International Monetary Fund。 |
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