| 单词 | Part payment of debt |
| 释义 | 債項的部分償付 The payment of only a fraction of a debt. As a matter of general principle, where there is a liquidated claim by the payee against the debtor, and the debtor does not dispute the debt due, any part payment by the debtor will not be treated by the courts as providing consideration for the discharge of the obligation to pay, even if there is an agreement by the parties that the payee will accept the part payment in full settlement of the debt: Foakes v Beers [1884] 9 App Cas 605, [1881-5] All ER Rep 106 (HL). This rule is subject to an exception where a creditor accepted the promise of a part payment by a third party in full settlement, which is a good defence to a creditor’s action against the debtor for the balance: Hirachand Punamchand v Temple [1911] 2 KB 330 (CA). A part payment may be sufficient if (1) it is made by the creditor to himself by agreement with the debtor, out of the debtor’s funds in the creditor’s hands (Stewart v Cornick (1871) IR 5 CL 562); (2) the debtor accepted a bill drawn upon him by a creditor, or a bill drawn by the debtor on a third person is delivered to the creditor, on account of part of the debt (Marreco v Richardson [1908] 2 KB 584 (CA), [1908-10] All ER Rep 655). See also Consideration; Contract; Creditor; Debtor. 債項中僅一部分的償付。在一般原則下，如受款人向債務人提出算定申索，而債務人對到期應付的債項並無異議，即使雙方訂有協議，訂明受款人將接納部分付款作為完全清償全部債務，債務人所作出的部分付款，法庭亦不會視為債務人為解除其清償債項的責任所提供的代價： Foakes v Beers [1884] 9 App Cas 605。 但這原則有一例外的情況: 倘債權人接納第三者承諾支付部份款項作為完全清償債項， 則債權人若就餘款對債務人提出訴訟，債務人可以此作為有效的抗辯：Hirachand Punamchand v Temple [1911] 2 KB 330。在下述情況下，部分付款可足以完全清償債項：(1) 債權人與債務人訂有協議，訂明債權人可從他所持有的債務人的資金中支取部分付款（Stewart v Cornick (1871) IR 5 CL 562）；(2) 債務人接納債權人就部分債項開出而由債務人付款的票據，或債務人就部分債項開出而由第三者付款的票據交付予債權人（Marreco v Richardson [1908] 2 KB 584（英國上訴法院））。另見 Consideration; Contract; Creditor; Debtor; Payment。 |
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