| 单词 | Wednesbury unreasonableness |
| 释义 | Wednesbury案的不合理情況 A ground for judicial review of administrative decisions, where the exercise of an administrative power is so unreasonable that no reasonable authority could have so exercised the power: Associated Provincial Picture Houses Ltd v Wednesbury Corp [1948] 1 KB 223. The court is entitled to investigate the action of the local authority with a view to seeing whether they have taken into account matters that they ought not to take into account, or, conversely, have refused to take into account or neglected to take into account matters that they ought to take into account. Once that question is answered in favour of the local authority, it may be still possible to say that, although the local authority have kept within the four corners of the matters which they ought to consider, they have nevertheless come to a conclusion so unreasonable that no reasonable authority could ever have come to it: Associated Provincial Picture Houses Ltd v Wednesbury Corp, supra. To reach the high threshold at which a decision would be regarded as Wednesbury unreasonable is an uphill task for an applicant, the test is whether the evidence demonstrates that the facts on which the decisions are based are plainly wrong: Nguyen Ho v Director of Immigration [1991] 1 HKLR 576; Tran Van Tien v Director of Immigration (No 1) (1996) 7 HKPLR 173, Shiu Wing Steel Ltd v Director of Environmental Protection [2004] 1 HKC 581 (CFI). However, when fundamental human rights are involved, it is recognised that the classic Wednesbury unreasonableness test is not appropriate: R v Lord Saville of Newdigate, ex parte A [2000] 1 WLR 1855; Society for Protection of the Harbour Ltd v Chief Executive in Council & Ors (HCAL 102/2003, unreported). See also Judicial Review. 行政決策司法復核的根據，其中，行政權的實施極不合理，只要是合理的當局均不會如此行使權力：Associated Provincial Picture Houses Ltd v Wednesbury Corp [1948] 1 KB 223。法院有權調查地方當局的行為，以查核他們是否顧及他們所不應顧及的事宜，或相反，是否拒絕或忽視考慮他們所應考慮的事宜。如調查結果有利於地方當局，則雖然地方當局在處理其應考慮的事宜上中規中矩，但他們仍有可能得出極不合理的結論，凡是合理的當局均不會如此行事：Associated Provincial Picture Houses Ltd v Wednesbury Corp, 見上文。要達到決策的上限，即被認為Wednesbury案的不合理情況的決策，對申請人而言是一項艱巨的任務，該測試將證明決策所基於地事實是否錯誤：Nguyen Ho v Director of Immigration [1991] 1 HKLR 576; Tran Van Tien v Director of Immigration (No 1) (1996) 7 HKPLR 173, Shiu Wing Steel Ltd v Director of Environmental Protection [2004] 1 HKC 581（原訟法庭）。但當涉及基本人權時，人們公認Wednesbury案的不合理情況測試並不適宜：R v Lord Saville of Newdigate, ex parte A [2000] 1 WLR 1855; Society for Protection of the Harbour Ltd v Chief Executive in Council & Ors （高院憲法及行政訴訟2003年第102號，未經彙報）。另見 Judicial Review。 |
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