| 单词 | Adverse possession |
| 释义 | 逆權管有 A possessory title of land or interest in land which arises from the entry onto land without permission of the owner, by a person with the necessary animus possidendi or intention to take and keep possession of the land to the exclusion of all other persons including the owner of the paper title. For possession to be adverse, it is not necessary that the owner be inconvenienced or otherwise affected by that possession: Treloar v Nute [1976] 1 WLR 1295, [1977] 1 All ER 230 (CA). However, the possession must be inconsistent with the rights of the true owner and the person claiming adverse possession must be able to establish a proven intention to use the land for a particular purpose and actual use which is not inconsistent with that purpose: Man Kam Tong v Man Lin Tai [1985] 2 HKC 299 (HC). The test of intention to possess is objective and will be presumed where the possession is certain and unequivocal: Ho Hang Wan v Man Ting Cheung as Personal Representative of Ma Sz Tsang, dec’d [1990] 1 HKLR 649 (CA). The limitation period for bringing an action to recover land under these circumstances is twelve years from the date the cause of action accrued: Limitation Ordinance (Cap 347) ss 7, 13. See also Limitation period; Squatting. 在未經擁有人的准許下，某人進入某土地，而引致的土地佔有業權或土地權益，該人必須在摒除其他人（包括業權文件的擁有人）後的情況下，有擁有該土地的意圖，或取得及保持該土地的管有權的意圖。逆權管有並不需使土地擁有人造成不便，或受逆權管有而影響：Treloar v Nute [1976] 1 WLR 1295, [1977] 1 All ER 230（英國上訴法院）。但逆權管有必須與真正的土地擁有人的權利不相符，及聲稱有逆權管有者必須能夠證明，已確立以某特定的目的使用該土地的意圖，及土地的實際使用與該目的不相符：Man Kam Tong v Man Lin Tai [1985] 2 HKC 299（高等法院）。對佔有意圖的測試是客觀的，當逆權管有是確定及不含糊的，則會推定該意圖：Ho Hang Wan v Man Ting Cheung as Personal Representative of Ma Sz Tsang, dec’d [1990] 1 HKLR 649（上訴法院）。於該等情況下，提出收回土地的法律行動的時效期限為訴訟原因產生後的12年之內：《時效條例》(第374章)第7及13條。另見 Limitation period; Squatting。 |
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