法律英语词汇“Bay”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-法律词典

单词	Bay
释义	海灣 An area of water where, using a line drawn across its mouth (a ‘closing line’) as the diameter to form a semi-circle on the seaward side, and considering islands to be water, is greater in area on the landward side: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 art 10(1); Geneva Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone (Territorial Sea Convention) 1958 art 7(1). For the indentation to be legally considered as a bay, the closing line must not be greater than 24 nautical miles: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 art 10(2); Territorial Sea Convention 1958 art 7(2). The closing line is considered to be a baseline so the waters on the landward side are internal waters: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea art 8(1); Territorial Sea Convention 1958 art 5(1). A state may claim sovereign rights over a ‘historic bay’ with the approval of other interested states by claiming a historic right vested in it by virtue of long use: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 art 7(6). Historic bays are governed by customary international law: United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 art 10(6). A bay may be divided between two fronting states by following a median line drawn between their respective baselines: Declaration of the Government of the People’s Republic of China on Territorial Sea: Promulgation of National Laws (No 2) 1997 (Cap 2403); Promulgation of National Laws 1998 (Cap 2404); McDougal & Burke The Public Order of the Oceans: A Contemporary International Law of the Sea (Yale University Press, 1962) pp 327-76. See also Baseline; Customary in international law. 如畫一直線橫跨一處水域的入口處（封鎖線）作為直徑，以形成向海的一邊的半圓，此外如把海島視為水域，向陸地的那邊面積會較大：《1982年海事法聯合國公約》第10(1)條；《1958年領海和鄰近地區日內瓦公約（領海公約）》第7(1)條。要海岸線的彎入處在法律上視為海灣，有關的封鎖線不得超逾24海浬：《1982年海事法聯合國公約》第10(2)條；《1958年領海公約》第7(2)條。封鎖線被視為基線，因此向陸地的那邊水域為內海：《1982年海事法聯合國公約》第8(1)條；《1958年領海公約》第5(1)條。任何國家，在其他涉及利益的國家的同意下，對因歷史遺留下問題的海灣，可聲稱憑藉長期使用該海灣而獲賦與該海灣的歷史權利，因而擁有該「歷史性海灣」的主權：《1982年海事法聯合國公約》第7(6)條。因歷史遺留下問題的海灣，應受國際習慣法管限：《1982年海事法聯合國公約》第10(6)條。兩個相面對的國家之間的海灣，可以在各自的基線之間畫一中間線作界：《中華人民共和國有關領海的聲明》；《1997年國家法公布》（第1554章）附表3；McDougal & Burke， The Public Order of the Oceans：A Contemporary International Law of the Sea （Yale University Press, 1962年）第327-76頁。另見 Baseline; Customary in international law。n.
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