| 单词 | Building lease |
| 释义 | 建築租契 A lease of land that contains as one of its covenants an obligation to build on the land, that is, a building covenant. If a lease is intended to be a building lease but does not contain a covenant to build, it is invalid as a building lease although it will still be valid as an ordinary lease: Hallet v Martin (1883) 24 Ch D 624. This obligation requires new construction (that is, either erecting a building on vacant land or pulling down old buildings and erecting new ones on the site), and so differs from an obligation to repair: City of London v Nash (1747) 3 Atk 512, 26 ER 1095, 3 Atk 512; Jones v Verney (1739) Willes 169. This term is not commonly used in Hong Kong where all land is vested in the Government and leases of land, usually containing a covenant to build or develop the land, are granted by the Government to private developers. The policy behind building covenants in Hong Kong is that building land must be used expeditiously and in a particular way when released by the Government due to its scarcity: Shun Shing Investment Co Ltd v A-G [1983] HKLR 432 (HC). Government leases come in different forms, for example, Conditions of Sale, Conditions of Exchange, or Conditions of Grant, but all forms will often contain a building covenant. The main purpose of the building covenant is to ensure that the site will be developed with an acceptable amount of floor space (generally at least 60 percent of the maximum permitted floor space) within a reasonable period of time (usually two years), with a proviso for re-entry by the Government in certain circumstances if the covenant is not complied with. See also Covenant; Lease; Repair. 載有有責任在有關土地建造的土地租契，即建築契諾。如擬將租契作為建築租契，但租契沒有包含建造的契諾，則儘管有關的租契仍是一般有效的租契，但並非有效的建築租契：Re Hallet (1883) 24 Ch D 624。這責任規定建造新的建築物 (即表示在空置土地上豎立建築物或拆卸舊建築物並在原地豎立新建築物) ，因此跟修葺的責任不同：City of London v Nash (1747) 3 Atk 512, 26 ER 1095, 3 Atk 512；Jones v Verney (1739) Wiles 169。由於香港政府獲賦予所有土地，因此這個用語在香港並不常用。香港政府所授予私人發展商的土地租契，通常載有建造構築物或發展土地的契諾。因為香港缺乏土地，所以香港的建築契諾背後的政策是須迅速使用建築土地，及在政府授予租契時，以特定的方法使用：Shun Shing Investment Co Ltd v A-G [1983] HKLR 432（高等法院）。政府租契有不同的類別，例如賣地規約，換地規約，或批地規約，但各類租契通常載有建築契諾。建築契諾的主要目的是確保有關的土地，在一段合理的時間內（通常兩年），會以可接受的樓面面積發展以提供適當數量的樓面面積（通常至少是最大可准予建造的樓面的60%）。但如果沒有遵守契諾，則政府在若干情況可根據但書（附帶條件）重收土地那麼，在某些情況下，政府可以收回有關土地。另見 Covenant; Lease; Repair。 |
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