| 单词 | Rescue cases |
| 释义 | 拯救案件 In negligence law, cases in which the plaintiff is injured while attempting to save another, who has been endangered as a result of the defendant’s negligence. Early cases denied relief for injured rescuers on the ground that the plaintiff had voluntarily assumed the risk, breaking the chain of causation: Cutler v United Dairies (London) Ltd [1933] 2 KB 297. Later cases, however, have established the doctrine that where a person through his or her negligence endangers the safety of him or herself or of another, he or she may be liable in negligence for injuries sustained by a person who attempts to save the injured person, provided that the attempted rescue was reasonably foreseeable: Lai Tai Tai v Lam Pak Lo [2000] 1 HKLRD 499. A rescue attempt by someone with a professional responsibility to assist the public, for example a policeman (Haynes v Harwood [1935] 1 KB 146 (CA)), fireman (Ogwo v Taylor [1988] AC 431, [1987] 3 All ER 961 (HL)) or doctor (Ward v T E Hopkins & Son Ltd [1959] 3 All ER 225, sub nom Baker v T E Hopkins & Son Ltd [1959] 1 WLR 966 (CA)), will be readily foreseeable. The nature of the emergency may render it foreseeable that a member of the public will intervene: Chadwick v British Transport Commission [1967] 2 All ER 945, 1 WLR 912. See also Rescuer; Voluntary assumption of risk. 在疏忽法，原告在嘗試拯救他人的時候受傷的案件，原告因為被告的疏忽而身處危險的情況。早前的案件拒絕對受傷害者作出補救，理由在於原告自甘冒險，因而破壞因果的關連：Cutler v United Dairies (London) Ltd [1933] 2 KB 297。但稍後的案件確立以下的原則：如一人因其疏忽危及他自己或他人的安全，對於嘗試拯救傷者而蒙受傷害的人，如試圖拯救的行為可合理預見，他可能有疏忽的責任：Lai Tai Tai v Lam Pak Lo [2000] 1 HKLRD 499。由若干對幫助公眾有專業責任的人作出的拯救行為傾向合乎可預見的要求，例如警察 (Haynes v Harwood [1935] 1 KB 146 （英國上訴法院）)、消防員(Ogwo v Taylor [1988] AC 431, [1987] 3 All ER 961（上議院）) 或醫生 (Ward v T E Hopkins & Son Ltd [1959] 3 All ER 225, sub nom Baker v T E Hopkins & Son Ltd [1959] 1 WLR 966（英國上訴法院）)。危險的性質可令至可預見公眾人士會介入情況：Chadwick v British Transport Commission [1967] 2 All ER 945, 1 WLR 912。另見 Rescuer; Voluntary assumption of risk。 |
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