| 单词 | Retribution |
| 释义 | 報應 The theory that the imposition of punishment under the criminal law is justified because the law must redress their grievance by inflicting an appropriate punishment. In modern sentencing policy, it means that there are offences which are so grave that the only way that judges can demonstrate that society will not tolerate a particular kind of conduct is by passing a sentence which truly reflects the abhorrence which right-minded members of the public have of the offender’s conduct: R v Prime (1983) 54 Cr App R (S) 127. Further, any sentence imposed must reflect public abhorrence of the crime committed and redress the grievance suffered by the victim, his friends and relatives: R v Chan Kui Sheung (CACC 13/96, unreported). Other theories view the role of punishment as deterring crime, promoting the reformation or rehabilitation of the offender, or protecting the community from the offender. See also Deterrence; Punishment. 有充分的理由支持在刑法下加諸懲罰的理論，因為法律必須施加適當的懲罰以補償冤情。在現代有關懲罰的政策，即有很嚴重的罪行發生，而法官唯一可顯示社會不容個別行為的發生是判處一項刑罰，以真正反映正常心智的公眾對犯罪者的行為所有的憎惡：R v Prime (1983) 54 Cr App R (S) 127。此外，任何加諸的刑罰必須反映公眾對所犯罪行的憎惡及補償受害人及其親友的冤情：The Queen v Chan Kui Sheung（刑事上訴1996年第13號，未經彙報）。其他理論視懲罰的功能為阻嚇罪行的發生，提倡感化犯罪者或讓其改過自新，或保障社會的安全免受犯罪者的傷害。另見 Deterrence; Punishment。 n. |
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