单词 | Sheer commercial necessity |
释义 | 純粹商業需要 A ground in relation to invalidation of a contract. To invalidate a transaction on the ground of economic duress, it is not enough to prove that a party was confronted with a commercial necessity to act and that the necessity is caused by another party’s threat or pressure. The pressure must be illegitimate. Whether illegitimacy is shown merely by the overwhelming force of degree of pressure, or requires another element such as the unlawfulness of the threatened action, is unclear at common law: Barton v Armstrong [1976] AC 104; Dimskal Shipping Co SA v International Transport Workers Federation, The Evia Lunk [1992] 2 AC 152. See also Duress. 關於合約失效的理由。如以經濟脅迫為理由使交易無效,則僅證明一方面對經濟需要行事,而有關的需要是由另一方的威脅或壓力所致,並不足夠。有關的壓力必須違法。普通法沒有清楚表明,違法性是否僅以壓力程度的壓倒性力量,或須要另一元素例如威脅行為的違法性顯示:Barton v Armstrong [1976] AC 105;Dimskal Shipping Co SA v International Transport Workers Federation, The Evia Lunk [1992] 2 AC 152。 另見 Duress。 |
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