单词 | Equity of redemption |
释义 | 衡平法贖回權 The bundle of rights that a court of equity regards a mortgagor as having in the mortgaged property including the right to the return of mortgaged property after repayment of the relevant money to the mortgage. The equity of redemption is an equitable interest in the property. It is subject to the right of the mortgagee to foreclose (make an legal title absolute in the mortgagee). The equity of redemption arises immediately upon the giving of the security: Kreglinger v New Patagonia Meat and Cold Storage Co Ltd [1914] AC 25. In this respect it differs from an ‘equitable right to redeem’. In respect of old system land, it is the right of retransfer (redemption) of the mortgagor’s property once the debt is repaid (extinguished). A mortgage of a legal estate may be effected at law only by legal charge: Conveyancing and Property Ordinance (Cap 219) s 44. The mortgagor is still protected by the equity of redemption as if the mortgage had been effected by way of assignment of the legal estate. Under an equity of redemption, a mortgagor has the right to compel a mortgagee to re-convey mortgaged land on the due date, on payment of principal, interest and the mortgagee’s costs. The right to redeem continues to exist even after the due date for payment of the moneys has passed. The equity of redemption is extinguished by the mortgagee exercising a power of sale or foreclosing: Common Luck Investment Ltd v Cheung Kam Chuen [1999] 2 HKC 719, 2 HKLRD 417 (CFA). The mortgagee is not permitted to ‘clog’ the equity of redemption. See also Equity; Foreclosure; Mortgagee’s power of sale. 按揭人就按揭財產享有且受衡平法法院保障的種種權益,其中包括在償還有關貸款給承按人後,贖回按揭財產的權利。衡平法贖回權是有關財產的衡平法權益,受制於承按人的止贖權(即訂立承按人享有絕對的法定所有權)。衡平法贖回權於交出抵押品時即產生:Kreglinger v. New Patagonia Meat and Cold Storage Co. Ltd. [1914] AC 25。在這方面,衡平法贖回權與「衡平法上可贖回抵押財產的權利」有別。就舊土地制度而言,一旦按揭人已償還(終絕)債務,按揭人即有權要求再轉移(贖回) 其財產。任何法律上的產權的按揭在法律上僅可藉法定押記的方式作出:《物業轉易及財產條例》(第219章)44條。按揭人仍受衡平法贖回權的保障,猶如該按揭以轉讓法定產業權方式作出一樣。按照衡平法贖回權,按揭人在已償還本金、利息及承按人支出費用的情況下,強制承按人到期日再轉移按揭土地已。即使還款到期日已過,可贖回抵押財產的權利繼續存在。如承按人行使出售權或止贖權,則衡平法贖回權終絕:Common Luck Investment Ltd. v. Cheung Kam Chuen [1999] 2 HKC 719, 2 HKLRD 417 (終審法院)。承按人不准妨礙行使承按人。另見 Equity; Foreclosure; Mortgagee’s power of sale。 |
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