法律英语词汇“Medical evidence”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-法律词典

单词	Medical evidence
释义	醫學證據 Expert evidence given by a medical expert. The general rule is that there should normally be mutual disclosure before the trial of the substance of medical experts’ evidence: The Rules of the High Court (Cap 4A) O 38 r 37(1). Medical evidence is admissible on the question whether the existence of facts proved by other witnesses are symptomatic of automatism (Bratty v A-G for Northern Ireland [1963] AC 386, [1961] 3 All ER 523 (HL)), or diminished responsibility (R v Dix (1982) 74 Cr App Rep 306 (CA)), or were the cause of disease or death (R v Mason (1911) 28 TLR 120 (CCA)). Medical evidence has been admitted to show want of capacity to make a confession (R v Stewart (1972) 56 Cr App Rep 272 (CA)), and to show that a witness suffers from a disease, defect or abnormality of mind which affects the reliability of his evidence (Toohey v Metropolitan Police Cmr [1965] AC 595, 49 Cr App Rep 148 (HL)), or to show that an accused is unfit to drive through drink (R v Davies [1962] 3 All ER 97, 46 Cr App Rep 292). It is not admissible to show the intention of an ordinary accused where no question of mental illness or abnormality is involved: R v Toner [1991] Crim LR 627 (CA). An offender’s medical condition may amount to strong humanitarian considerations justifying a departure from the tariff guideline: R v Cheung Sun Wah (HCMA 413/97, unreported). See also Compensable loss; Expert witness; Pre-trial conference. 由醫學專家所作的專家證據。一般的規則是，醫學專家證據的實質內容，應在審訊前作相互披露：《高等法院規則》（第4A章）第38號命令第37（1）條規則。就其他證人所作的事實存在的證據是否為無意識行為的徵狀(Bratty v A-G for Northern Ireland [1963] AC 386, [1961] 3 All ER 523 （上議院）) ，減輕罪責抗辯理由所規定的徵狀(R v Dix (1982) 74 Cr App Rep 306 （英國上訴法院）)，疾病或死亡的原因(R v Mason (1911) 28 TLR 120 (CCA))等的醫學證據均可被接納為證據。醫學證據曾被接納以證明證人缺乏行為能力作出供認(R v Stewart (1972) 56 Cr App Rep 272 （英國上訴法院）)，及證人患有精神上的疾病、精神有缺陷、神志失常，而可能會影響其證據的可靠性 (Toohey v Metropolitan Police Cmr [1965] AC 595, 49 Cr App Rep 148 （上議院）)，或證明被控人因受酒類影響而不適宜駕駛(R v Davies [1962] 3 All ER 97, 46 Cr App Rep 292)。在沒有涉及精神病或神志失常的問題時，證明一個普通被控之意圖的醫學證據不會被接納為證據：R v Toner [1991] Crim LR 627 （英國上訴法院）。犯罪者的健康狀況可構成不按判刑指引作出判刑之有力的人道考慮因素： R v Cheung Sun Wah（高院裁判法院上訴1997年第413號，未經彙報）。另見 Compensable loss; Expert witness; Pre-trial conference。
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