法律英语词汇“Privilege of a witness”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-法律词典

单词	Privilege of a witness
释义	證人的特權 The right of a person appearing in a court or administrative tribunal to refuse to give evidence or disclose information because the evidence or information was supplied to the witness in confidence: for example, Evidence Ordinance (Cap 8) ss 65, 66. The mere fact that the witness asserts the privilege is not sufficient; the court must determine if the claim is valid: Re Reynolds, ex p Reynolds (1882) 20 Ch D 294 (CA). As to the immunity of a witness from civil liability in respect of his testimony, it means the protection against actions of any sort, not exclusive to actions for libel and slander: Hargreaves v Bretherton [1959] 1 QB 45, [1958] 3 All ER 122. The privilege of witness not to answer incriminating questions extends to crimes punishable only in another jurisdiction: R v Au Yeung Chi Kwan [1993] 2 HKC 134 (CA). A witness can claim the common law privileges of legal professional privilege, privilege against self-incrimination, and without prejudice privilege; and the limited statutory privileges of medical professional privilege, marital privilege and clerical privilege. See also Clerical privilege; Privilege against production; Privilege against self-incrimination. 個人在法庭或審裁處出席以拒絕給與證據或透露資料（因有關的證據或資料在保密的狀態下提供給證人）的權利或 :例如, 《證據條例》（第8章）第65, 66 條。證人宣稱有特權這理論上的事實並不充足, 如申索有效, 法庭必須加以裁定: Re Reynolds, ex p Reynolds (1882) 20 Ch D 294 （上訴法院）。就證人的證供豁免證人的民事法律責任, 即針對任何種類訴訟的保障, 不排除永久形式誹謗和短暫形式誹謗的訴訟: Hargreaves v Bretherton [1959] 1 QB 45, [1958] 3 All ER 122。證人不回答自證其罪問題的特權伸延至只在其他司法體系可予懲處的罪行: R v Au Yeung Chi Kwan [1993] 2 HKC 134 （上訴法庭）。證人可申索普通法的法律專業特權, 針對自證其罪的特權, 不損害特權; 及有限的醫學專業法定特權, 婚姻特權及書記特權。另見 Clerical privilege; Privilege against production; Privilege against self-incrimination。
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