| 释义 |
已有準備及有意 Possessing both the intention and capacity to perform one’s contractual obligations. The words ‘ready and willing’ imply not only the disposition, but the capacity to do the act: Measures Bros Ltd v Measures [1910] 2 Ch 248 (CA). In relation to sale of goods, unless otherwise agreed, delivery of the goods and payment of the price are concurrent conditions, ie the seller must be ready and willing to give possession of the goods to the buyer in exchange for the price, and the buyer must be ready and willing to pay the price in exchange for possession of the goods: Sale of Goods Ordinance (Cap 26) s 30. The purchaser’s obligation was to show it was ready and willing to pay the price in exchange for the possession of goods: Zego Ltd v Valdivia [1991] 1 HKC 11 (CA). A breach of the duty of the purchaser to be ready, willing and able to complete a conveyancing transaction on the date and at the time fixed for completion will usually entitle the vendor to treat the contract as having been repudiated by the purchaser: World Ford Development v Ip Ming Wai [1993] 1 HKC 98. However, the due completion of a conveyancing transaction requires co-operation between vendor and purchaser, so the vendor, like the purchaser, must also be ready, willing and able to complete his part of the contract, in accordance with the terms and at the time and place fixed for completion: China Pride Investment Ltd v Silverpole Ltd [1994] 2 HKC 341 (CA). In a contract of employment the employee’s consideration is being ready and willing to serve, not necessarily actually working: Henthorn and Taylor v Central Electricity Generating Board [1980] IRLR 361 (CA). Also known as ‘ready, willing and able’. See also Anticipatory breach; Breach; Completion; Performance; Repudiation; Settlement; Specific performance.
Arbitration - In relation to an applicant for a discretionary stay, possessing the intention and capacity not to use arbitration to postpone resolution of the dispute, or to block the progress by refusing to appoint an arbitrator: Manchester Ship Canal Co Ltd v Pearson & Son Ltd [1900] 2 QB 606 (CA). Great delay by the applicant may imply that he or she is not ready and willing, but mere delay is insufficient: Cheung Wing Kong (t/a Profit Extend Co) v Ma Chan Shing (t/a Wing Yick Knitting Factory) (HCA 7592/91, unreported). The applicant must satisfy the court not only that he is, but also that he was at the commencement of the proceedings, ready and willing to do everything necessary for the proper conduct of the arbitration: Arbitration Ordinance (Cap 341) s 6(1). The affidavit in support of the application for a stay must state that this is the case: Euro-America Insurance Ltd v Lite Best Co Ltd [1993] 1 HKC 333, 1 HKLR 217. See also Dispute resolution; Stay of arbitration.
有意圖及資格履行一人的合約責任。「已有準備及有意」不僅暗示有關的處置，也暗示有資格行事：Measures Bros Ltd v Measures [1910] 2 Ch 248 （上訴法院）。就貨物售賣而言，除另有議定外，交付貨品與支付貨價為須同時履行的條件，即賣方必須作好準備，並願意將對貨品的管有交予買方以換取貨價，而買方則必須作好準備，並願意支付貨價，以換取對貨品的管有：《貨品售賣條例》 (第26章) 第30條。承購人的責任在於顯示已有準備及有意付款以換取貨物：Zego Ltd v Valdivia [1991] 1 HKC 11 (上訴法庭)。違反承購人在訂定完成的日期及時間已有準備及有意及可以完成物業轉易交易的責任，通常可使賣方享有視合約已被承購人廢除：World Ford Development v Ip Ming Wai [1993] 1 HKC 98。但物業轉易交易的適當完成須要賣方與承購人之間的合作，因而賣方也如購買人一樣必須按照訂定完成的日期及時間的條款，已有準備及有意及可以完成其合約上的部分：China Pride Investment Ltd v Silverpole Ltd [1994] 2 HKC 341 （上訴法庭）。在僱傭合約，已有準備及有意提供僱員的約因，不需實際上工作：Henthorn and Taylor v Central Electricity Generating Board [1980] IRLR 361 （上訴法院）。 另稱 「已有準備及有意及可以」。另見 Anticipatory breach; Breach; Completion; Performance; Repudiation; Settlement; Specific performance。
仲裁 - 就酌情擱置的申請人而言，有意圖和資格不會以仲裁延遲糾紛決議，或以拒絕委任仲裁人阻礙進度: Manchester Ship Canal Co Ltd v Pearson & Son Ltd [1900] 2 QB 606 （英國上訴法院）。由申請人造成的重大延誤可暗示他並沒有準備及無意，但僅僅延誤並不足夠：Chung Wong Kay v Ma Chan Shing（高院民事訴訟1991年第7592號，未經彙報）。申請人必須使法院信納他不僅已有準備及有意作出每項仲裁所須的適當行為，而且他已在法律程序的開展階段：《仲裁條例》 （第341章）第6(1)條。支持申請擱置的誓章必須說明這是有關的案件：Euro-America Insurance Ltd v Lite Best Co Ltd [1993] 1 HKC 333, 1 HKLR 217。另見 Dispute resolution; Stay of arbitration。 |