| 单词 | Death |
| 释义 | 死亡 The end of life. An irreversible cessation of all functions of a person’s brain or an irreversible cessation of circulation of blood in the person’s body. At present, there is no definite test of death but it is currently accepted that the test is the one of brain death. See also Cause of death; Death in custody; Manner of death; Natural death; Presumption of death; Suspected death. Family law - 1. The irreversible cessation of life; permanent cessation of all vital bodily functions. The court can make a decree of presumption of death of a spouse and dissolution of the marriage upon a petition present by a married person if reasonable grounds exist: Matrimonial Causes Ordinance (Cap 179) s 26(1). If the spouse has been continually absent from the married person for a period of seven years or more and there is no reason for the married person to believe that the spouse has been living within that time, this will be sufficient evidence to satisfy the court that the spouse is dead unless the contrary is proven: s 26(2). 2. The burial of a still-born child cannot be carried out in the same manner as if burying a deceased child: Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance (Cap 174) s 18. Succession - Once a person dies, a certificate of the cause of death must be signed by a doctor and the particulars of death registered with the Registrar of Births and Deaths. For succession purposes, the fact of death must be established before proving a will or administration of a deceased estate can proceed. Where there is no corpse, an application for leave to swear to the death of a person may be made: Non-contentious Probate Rules (Cap 10A) r 52. The presumption of death may therefore be raised to obtain a grant of representation for management of the person’s estate, which may be revoked should the person later turn up alive. See also Benjamin Order; Presumption of death. Tort - End of life, which is an irreversible state of affairs. The current medical view is that the test is one of brainstem death and that this can be diagnosed with certainty. The law has not yet evolved a definition of its own in view of the fluid state of medical science and the far-reaching impact that such a definition might have on other branches of law, the definition of death in terms of brain function was rejected: Criminal Law Revision Committee’s 14th Report, Offences Against the Person Cmnd 7844 (1980) p 17. Death in relation to tort requires separate treatment because there are special statutes dealing with the death of the plaintiff or defendant which allow an existing action in tort either to be brought for the benefit of the dependants of the deceased or continued by or against the estate of the deceased: for example, dependency claim under the Law Amendment and Reform (Consolidation) Ordinance (Cap 23) and the Fatal Accidents Ordinance (Cap 22). See also Compensation to relatives. 生命的完結。指人腦的一切功能或人體內的血液循環，不能挽回地終止。現時沒有 確定的死亡標準驗證，但為之接納的測試是腦死。另見 Cause of death; Death in custody; Manner of death; Natural death; Presumption of death; Suspected death。 家庭法 - 1. 生命不能挽回地終止；所有維持生命所必需的身體功能永久地終止。如有合理理由假定婚姻的另一方經已去世，則任何已婚者可向法院提出呈請，法院如信納確有該等合理理由，可作出推定死亡及解除婚姻的判令：《婚姻訴訟條例》（第179章）第26條(1)。如婚姻的另一方已連續離開呈請人7年或以上，而該已婚者（呈請人）並無理由相信該另一方在該段期間內仍然在生，則此項事實足以構成使法院信納該另一方經已去世、直至相反證明成立為止的證據：第26條(2)。 2. 任何人均不得將非活產的嬰兒當作已死的嬰兒埋葬：《生死登記條例》 （第174章）第18條。 繼承 - 任何人死亡後，必須由一名醫生簽署其死因證明書，而其死亡詳情亦須向生死登記官登記。就繼承而言，在辦理遺囑認證或死者遺產管理之前，必須確定有關死亡的事實。如沒有發現屍體，則可申請許可以發誓方式證明某人已去世：《無爭議遺囑認證規則》（第10A章）第52條規則。因此，可藉提出推定死亡，以獲授予管理有關死者遺產的遺產承辦，但如其後該「死者」出現，則該承辦會被撤銷。另見 Benjamin Order; Presumption of death。 侵權法 - 生命不能挽回地終止。現時醫學界認為腦幹死亡測試能帶來確定的診斷。鑒於醫學發展的不穩定狀況，因而有關的法律仍未演進至屬於自己本身的定義，另外，鑒於該等定義可能為其他法律分支帶來深遠影響，因此涉及腦功能的死亡定義已被否決：Criminal Law Revision Committee’s 14th Report, Offences Against the Person Cmnd 7844 (1980) 第17頁。因為有特別處理原告人或被告人死亡的法規，所以須各別處置關於侵權法的死亡，該等法規准予在為死者受養人利益的情況下，可提出現存的侵權法訴訟行動，或在在針對死者遺產的情況下繼續訴訟：例如受養人可根據《致命意外條例》（第22章）及《法律修訂及改革（綜合）條例》（第23章）提出申索。另見Compensation to relatives。n. |
| 随便看 |
|
法律词典收录了8080条英汉双解法律词条，基本涵盖了常用法律英语单词及短语词组的翻译及用法，是法律学习的有利工具。