| 单词 | Relevance |
| 释义 | 相關性 The ability of evidence, if accepted, to ‘rationally affect (directly or indirectly) the assessment of the probability of a fact in issue in the proceedings (R v Chee [1980] VR 303), or evidence which is logically probative of facts sought to be proved (DPP v Kilbourne [1973] AC 729, 1 All ER 440 (HL)). Any evidence which is sought to be admitted must be of sufficient relevance: Hui Chi Ming v R [1992] 1 AC 34, [1991] 3 All ER 897 (PC). This criterion applies to both the prosecution and defence. What is relevant (namely what goes to the proof or disproof of a matter in issue) will be decided by logic and human experience, and facts may be proved directly or circumstantially: Caswell v Powell Duffryn Associated Colleries Ltd [1940] AC 152, [1939] 3 All ER 722 (HL). Generally all relevant evidence is admissible (Hollington v F Hewthorn and Co Ltd [1943] 1 KB 587, 2 All ER 35), although there are rules of exclusion exist which may serve to exclude evidence which would generally be considered to be relevant, for example, the hearsay rule excludes much relevant evidence (R v Blastland [1986] AC 41, [1985] 2 All ER 1095 (HL)). Judges have power to exclude evidence that might cloud the issue before the jury: R v Duncan [1944] KB 713, 2 All ER 220 (CCA). See also Illegally obtained evidence; Opinion evidence. 如獲接納，證據可理性地影響（直接或間接地）在法律程序中受爭議的事實的可能性的評估（R v Chee [1980] VR 303），或可以有邏輯地用作證明謀求獲得證明的事實的證據（DPP v Kilbourne [1973] AC 729, 57 Cr App Rep 381（上議院））。任何謀求獲得接納的證據必須有足夠的相關性：Hui Chi Ming v R [1992] 1 AC 34, [1991] 3 All ER 897（樞密院）。此標準適用於檢控和抗辯。何謂有關（即甚麼會證明或反證受爭議的事宜）會以邏輯及人的經驗決定，及可直接或按情況證明事實：Caswell v Powell Duffryn Associated Colleries Ltd [1940] AC 152, [1939] 3 All ER 722（上議院）。儘管有例外的規則存在，即在一些情況可排除一般被視為有關的證據，例如傳聞證供規則排除眾多有關的證據（R v Blastland [1986] AC 41, 81 Cr App Rep 266（上議院）），概括而言，所有有關的事實均可被接納（Hollington v F Hewthorne and Co Ltd [1943] 1 KB 587, 2 All ER 35）。法官有權排除使陪審團對問題模糊不清的證據：R v Duncan [1944] KB 713, 30 Cr App Rep 70 （刑事上訴法院）。另見 Illegally obtained evidence; Opinion evidence。n. |
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