| 单词 | Umpire |
| 释义 | 公斷人 In relation to an arbitration, a person who resolves a disagreement between arbitrators. An arbitration agreement may provide that in the event of a disagreement between the arbitrators (usually two arbitrators, one nominated by each party), the dispute is to be referred to the decision of a third person, termed the umpire. Where the reference is to two arbitrators, the arbitrators may at any time after their own appointment appoint an umpire, unless a contrary intention is expressed in the arbitration agreement: Arbitration Ordinance (Cap 341) s 10(1). The appointment of an umpire by the arbitrators is a judicial act; they must therefore exercise the power together: Re Hopper (1867) LR 2 QB 367. If they do not meet to appoint the umpire, the court may exercise its powers of appointment under the Arbitration Ordinance (Cap 341) s 12(1)(c): Iossifoglu v Coumantaros [1941] 1 KB 396 (CA). An umpire, when substituted for the arbitrators, has the same powers as they had: s 12. The umpire must adjudicate on the whole of the dispute which is referred to him (Orion Compania Espanola de Seguros v Belfort Maatschappij voor Algemene Verzekgringeen [1962] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 257), although it is possible for the two arbitrators to make an award on some matters in dispute and to refer to the umpire other matters on which they are not in agreement (Lang v Brown (1855) 25 LT 297 (HL) ). See also Alternative dispute resolution; Arbitration agreement; Arbitrator. 就仲裁而言，解決仲裁員之間的爭議的人。仲裁協議可規定，如仲裁員之間未能達成協議（通常有兩位仲裁員，由每一方提名一位），則須將爭議交予第三方（稱作公斷人）決定。凡提交予兩名仲裁員的仲裁協議，除非仲裁協議另表明相反意圖，否則在該等仲裁員本身獲委任後，可隨時委任一名公斷人：《仲裁條例》（第341章）第10(1)條。仲裁員委任公斷人是司法行為；因而必須共同行使該權力：Re Hopper (1867) LR 2 QB 367。如仲裁員沒有達成一致的意見委任公斷人，則法庭可根據《仲裁條例》（第341章）第12(1)(c)條行使其權力委任公斷人：Iossifoglu v Coumantaros [1941] 1 KB 396（芵國上訴法院）。公斷人一旦取代仲裁員，其權力與仲裁員的相等：第12條。有關交予公斷人仲裁的整體爭議，該公斷人必須就此作出判決（Orion Compania Espanola de Seguros v Belfort Maatschappij voor Algemene Verzekgringeen [1962] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 257），縱使該兩名仲裁員可就某些有爭議的事宜作出裁決，及可將他們未能達成協議的其他事宜交予公斷人（Lang v Brown (1855) 25 LTOS 297（英國上議院）。另見 Alternative dispute resolution; Arbitration agreement; Arbitrator。 n. |
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