| 单词 | Implied promise |
| 释义 | 隱含承諾 An undertaking or assurance that is not expressly stated but is sufficiently clear and unambiguous as to constitute a promise. An implied promise may give rise to a proprietary estoppel; for example, from the fact that the parties act on the common assumption that one of them is to have the right to reside on the other’s property. Re Sharpe (a bankrupt), ex p the trustee of the bankrupt v Sharpe v Anor [1980] 1 All ER 198, 1 WLR 219. The promise must be of such a kind that it is reasonable for the promisee to rely on it; and it must induce him to believe that a legal right has been, or will be, created in his favour. This concept is also used in the context of assumpsit. The court treats the alleged promise to pay as purely fictitious; the ‘promise’ or obligation is imposed by the implication of law, quite apart from and without regard to the probable intention of the parties, and sometimes even in opposition to their expressed or presumed intention. Strictly speaking, these are not true contracts at all, since the essential element of consent is absent: Halsbury’s Laws of England (2001) Vol 9(1) para 1096. See also Promise; Promissory estoppel; Representation. 沒有明文述明、但足以清楚及不含糊地構成承諾的保證或轉易。隱含承諾可產生所有權不得自駁；例如各方按照共同的假設行事，即其中一方有權居住於另一方的物業：Re Sharpe(a bankrupt), ex p the trustee of the bankrupt v Sharpe v Anor [1980] 1 All ER 198, 1 WLR 219。有關的承諾必須是受諾者可合理地依賴的；有關的承諾並須誘使受諾者相信已產生或將會產生惠及他的法律權利：Treitel The Law of Contract(1999) p 129。此等概念亦用於口頭合約方上。法庭視指稱的付款承諾為純屬虛構；藉法律上所隱含的施行「承諾」或義務，與合約各方頗有可能的意圖無關，有時甚至與他們的明示或推定的意圖相反。嚴格而言，鑒於同意這一要素並不存在，這些並非真正的合約：Halsbury’s Law of England (2001年）第9(1)冊第1096段。另見 Promise; Promissory estoppel; Representation。 |
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