| 单词 | Jurisdiction |
| 释义 | 司法管轄權 The scope of the court’s power to examine and determine the facts, interpret and apply the law, make orders and declare judgment. Jurisdiction may be limited by geographic area, the type of parties who appear, the type of relief that can be sought, and the point to be decided. The powers of courts of limited jurisdiction are generally defined by statute. Where jurisdiction is questioned, jurisdiction connotes the statutory limits imposed upon the court to hear and determine issues together with general principles requiring a clear case to be made out. Foreign relations - In international law, the lawful authority and competence of a state to prescribe and apply its laws to all within its territory including nationals, foreigners, properties, resources and endowments in land, territorial waters, airspace, and the territorial boundaries of a state. States may exercise criminal jurisdiction on bases other than territoriality, such as protection of the state’s interests, universal jurisdiction (A-G (Israel) v Eichmann (1961) 36 ILR 5), and the nationality of the offender. See also Forum; Inherent jurisdiction; Pendent jurisdiction; Service outside jurisdiction. 法院就查證和裁斷事實、詮釋和應用法律、發出命令及宣布裁定的權力範圍。「司法管轄權」可受地域、出庭各方的類別、所尋求的濟助的類別及需裁斷的論點所限制。擁有有限司法管轄權的法院的權力通常由法規界定。凡「司法管轄權」受質疑，「司法管轄權」意味對法院就一些需被清楚解釋的爭論點和一般原則進行聆訊及裁斷所訂的法定範圍。 外交關係 - 在國際法上，某國家為向其領土，包括國家土地、領海、空域及領土範圍內的國民、外國人、財產、資源及捐贈訂明及應用其法律的合法權力及權限範圍。國家可根據領土權以外的事項而行使刑事司法管轄權，如保障國家利益、普世司法管轄權(A-G (Israel) v Eichmann (1961) 36 ILR 5) 及罪犯的國籍。另見 Forum; Inherent jurisdiction; Pendent jurisdiction; Service outside jurisdiction。n. |
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