| 单词 | Business cycle |
| 释义 | 商業週期 Trade cycle. Alternating periods of trade boom and slump, especially characteristic of nineteenth century business activity in Britain when cycles of this nature occurred at fairly regular intervals. The period 1792-1913 revealed an average of eight-year intervals between one boom and the next. During boom periods, employment, wages, prices, profits and production all rose together, only to decline during the ensuring slump. During the twentieth century, the characteristics changed. The whole of the period 1919-39 was characterised by a slump upon which was superimposed the Great Depression of 1929-35. The effects were worldwide with some 25 million unemployed. For some 30 years following the 1939-45 war, the developed world experienced full employment; from about 1975, the situation deteriorated with rising unemployment. 貿易週期。生意景氣及衰退的交替期，這特別是十九世紀英國商界的特徵，因為這種性質的循環相當定期地出現。1792年至1913年期間顯示每次興盛期平均相隔八年。在景氣期內，就業人數、工資、物價、利潤及生產全上升，只在隨後的衰退期下落。但在二十世紀此特徵已改變。1919年至1939年期間全是衰退期，其中1929年至1935年稱「大蕭條」。其影響至全球，有二千五百萬人失業。在1939-45年的戰爭結束後的大概30年期間，已發展國家的人口全就業。大概1975年後，情況變壞，失業上升。 |
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