| 单词 | Receiver |
| 释义 | 接管人 A person who is given property for safe keeping or to administer, usually for the benefit of the giver. Corporations - A person appointed to collect and receive the debts and other property belonging to another person. A receiver is usually appointed to protect the interests of creditors in the company’s property. A receiver can be appointed either by a debenture holder or by the court: Companies Ordinance (Cap 32) s 298A(1). Only natural persons who are not undischarged bankrupts may be appointed a receiver: ss 297(1), 297A. In practice, two or more partners in a firm of accountants are appointed as receivers. Generally, the powers of a receiver include the power to enter into possession and take control of property of the company, to lease, let, hire or dispose of property of the company, to borrow money on security of property of the company, to convert property of the company into money, to carry on any business of the company and to execute any document, bring or defend any proceedings or do any other act or thing in the name of and on behalf of the company. See also Controller; Court appointed receiver; Privately appointed receiver; Receiver and manager. Criminal law - A person who dishonestly receives stolen goods with the knowledge that the goods were stolen. Receiving stolen goods is a statutory offence: Theft Ordinance (Cap 210) s 24(1). In order for goods to be received, they must be in the possession or under the control of the accused: R v Freedman (1930) 22 Cr App Rep 133 (CCA). Mere transitory physical possession of stolen goods under the control of another, even if the accused had the relevant state of mind, does not constitute receiving: HKSAR V Ho Wai Lun [2001] 2 HKLRD 431, 3 HKC 557. Knowledge that the goods have been stolen acquired after the goods have been received cannot sustain a conviction. Also known as ‘receiving stolen goods’ or ‘handling stolen goods’. See also Knowledge; Larceny. Equity - An impartial person appointed to collect, preserve, and receive the income of property: Re Manchester and Milford Railway Co, ex p Cambrian Railway Co (1880) 49 LJ Ch 454. A receiver is appointed to take possession of the property of another, for the benefit of the person entitled to that property. It includes a person who receives rents or other income. In equity, it does not include a manager of that property: Re Manchester and Milford Railway Co, ex p Cambrian Railway Co, supra. The appointment of a receiver is an equitable remedy, but not exclusively so. A court may appoint a receiver in its inherent jurisdiction in cases where it is just and convenient to do so: The Rules of the High Court (Cap 4A) O 30. Also, many financial transactions give the lender a contractual right to appoint a receiver on the borrower’s default. See also Equity; Fiduciary. Legal practitioners - A person appointed by the High Court to collect all or any specified property of a solicitor or firm of solicitors and to, as soon as possible, vest that property in the person who gave it to the solicitor or solicitors concerned. For example, the court may appoint the Official Receiver on making a winding up order against a solicitor firm, or an order appointing the Official Receiver to manage the business of any solicitor, whose practising certificate is suspended, for the duration of such suspension: Legal Practitioners Ordinance (Cap 159) s 18(1), (2). The Official Receiver and Assistant Official Receiver (Legal) appointed under the Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap 6) must be a person qualified to practise as a legal practitioner in Hong Kong, the United Kingdom, or in a jurisdiction listed in the Legal Officers Ordinance (Cap 87) s 2: Bankruptcy Ordinance (Cap 6) s 75(2). See also Official receiver; Suspension; Winding up. 安全保管及管理獲授予的財物的人，通常使給予者受益。 法團 - 獲委任為收取或收納屬於其他人的責務及其他財物的人。通常委任接管人以保障公司財物債權人的權益。可由債權證持有人或法院委任接管人：《公司條例》（第32章）第298A(1)條。只有自然人可被委任為接管人，即非未獲解除破產的破產人：第297(1)至297A條。實際上，會計公司兩個或以上的合夥人獲委任為接管人。概括而言，接管人的權力包括管有及控制公司財物，出租或處置公司的財物，以公司財物抵押借貸，把公司財物轉為款項，經營公司的任何業務及簽立任何文件，提出任何法律程序或在法律程序中抗辯，或以公司的名義或代表公司作出任何其他行為或事情。另見Controller; Court appointed receiver; Privately appointed receiver; Receiver and manager。 刑法 - 在知識貨物屬贓物的情況下，不誠實地接管贓物的人。接管贓物是法定罪行：《盜竊罪條例》（第210章）第24(1)條。為接管貨物，貨物必須由被告持有或在被告的控制下：R v Freedman (1930) 22 Cr App Rep 133（英國刑事上訴法院）。即使被告有有關的思想狀態，在他人控制下僅僅的實質管有運送中的贓物，並不構成收取：HKSAR V Ho Wai Lun [2001] 2 HKLRD 431, 3 HKC 55。在接管貨物後才獲知貨物屬贓物並不足以被定罪。另稱「接管贓物」或「處理贓物」。另見 Knowledge; Larceny。 衡平法 - 委任公正無私的人收取及保存財物的收入：Re Manchester and Milford Railway Co, ex p Cambrian Railway Co (1880) 14 Ch D 645。委任接管人持有他人的財物，為享有該財物的人受益。包括收取租金或其他入息的人。在衡平法，接管人並不包括有關財物的經理人：Re Manchester and Milford Railway Co, ex p Cambrian Railway Co, 見上文。委任接管人是衡平法的補救，但非非僅限於此。如公正及適宜，法院可以固有的司法管轄權委任接管人：《高等法院規則》（第4A章）第30號命令。此外，很多財務交易給予貸款人合約上的權利在借款人缺席的情況下委任接管人。另見 Equity; Fiduciary。 執業律師 - 由高等法院委任的人，負責收取所有或任何指明的律師或律師行的財物，及盡快把財物歸予把有關財物給予有關律師或律師行的人。例如法院可委任破產管理署署長針對某一律師行作出清盤令，或委任破產管理署署長，在吊銷期間，管理任何已被吊銷執業証書的律師的業務的命令：《法律執業者條例》（第159章）第18(1)及(2)條。在《破產條例》 （第6章）下獲委任的破產管理署署長和及助理破產管理署署長（法律），必須是有資格在香港，英國或在《法律執業者條例》（第159章）附表 1：《破產條例》（第6章）第75(2)條下列明的司法管轄區成為法律執業者的人。另見 Official receiver; Suspension; Winding up。 n. |
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