| 单词 | Rule against perpetuities |
| 释义 | 針對財產恆繼規則 1. The former rule that where an interest in realty was given to an unborn person, any remainder to the issue of that person was void, together with all subsequent limitations: Whitby v Mitchell (1890) 44 Ch D 85. This rule has been repealed by statute: Perpetuities and Accumulations Ordinance (Cap 257) s 4. 2. A common law rule that no interest is good unless it must vest (if it vests at all) not later than 21 years after some life in being at the creation of the interest (the ‘new’ rule against perpetuities). It was laid down in the Duke of Norfolk’s Case (1681) 3 Ch Cas 1, 22 ER 931. The effect of the rule is that a future interest will be void at the outset as at the date of the death of the testator if there is any possibility, however unlikely, that it will vest outside the perpetuity period: Re Moore [1901] 1 Ch 936. The common law perpetuity period of a life or lives in being plus 21 years has been abolished and replaced for a period up to 80 years: Perpetuities and Accumulations Ordinance (Cap 257) s 6. The rule is applicable to all movable and immovable property in Hong Kong, with the exception of tsos and tongs in the New Territories which are governed by Chinese customary law: Kan Fat Tat v Kan Yin Tat [1987] HKLR 516. However, if a gift which is otherwise void for infringing the rule is to charitable purposes, it will be saved: In re Chan Quan Ee, Chan Yau & Chan Pat v Chan Wu Shi & Ors (1920) 15 HKLR 74. Another exception exists in the case of gifts over from one charity to another, where the second gifts is good despite not vesting in the second charity within the perpetuity period: Royal College of Surgeons of England v National Provincial Bank Ltd [1952] AC 631. Also known as ‘old rule against perpetuities’ or ‘rule in Whitby v Mitchell’, ‘new rule against perpetuities’ or ‘rule against remoteness of vesting’. See also Beneficiary; Charitable purpose; Charitable trust; Common law; Gift over; Life in being; Perpetuity; Remainder; Restriction on alienation; Trust. 1. 先前的規則：如給予未出生的人房地產的權益，任何對該人後嗣的剩餘權益均屬無效，及連同一切其後的限制：Whitby v Mitchell (1890) 44 Ch D 85。此規例現已被法例廢除：《財產恆繼及收益累積條例》（第257章）第4章。 2. 普通法的規則：除非在產生權益時，（如有賦給），否則沒有妥善的權益（針對財產恆繼的「新」規則）。這於Duke of Norfolk’s Case (1681) 3 Ch Cas 1, 22 ER 931一案規定。此規則有以下的影響：如有任何不確定權（無論有相當不可能）會在財產恆繼期以外的時間賦給，則將來的權益在立遺囑人死亡的日期一開始時便無效：Re Moore [1901] 1 Ch 936。普通法存在的人死亡後２１年的財產恆繼期已被廢除，現以不超逾80年的期間代替：《財產恆繼及收益累積條例》（第257章）第6條。此規則可適用於香港的所有可移動財產和不可移動財產，但新界的祖或堂除外，這會由中國習慣法規管：Kan Fat Tat v Kan Yin Tat [1987] HKLR 516。但如因以其他方式違反規則而無效的饋贈屬慈善用途，有關的饋贈會以例外的情況處理：Chan Yau & Chan Pat v Chan Wu Shi & Ors (1913) 15 HKLR 74。另一例外情況是饋贈從一慈善組織轉移至另一慈善組織，儘管在財產恆繼期內沒有賦給第二慈善組織有關的饋贈，第二項饋贈仍屬妥善：Royal College of Surgeons of England v National Provincial Bank Ltd [1952] AC 631。也稱為 「針對財產恆繼的舊規則」或 「Whitby v Mitchell一案的規則」，「針對財產恆繼「新」規則」或 「針對賦給時間久遠的規則」。另見 Beneficiary; Charitable purpose; Charitable trust; Common law; Gift over; Life in being; Perpetuity; Remainder; Restriction on alienation; Trust。 |
| 随便看 |
|
法律词典收录了8080条英汉双解法律词条，基本涵盖了常用法律英语单词及短语词组的翻译及用法，是法律学习的有利工具。