| 单词 | Fraud on a power |
| 释义 | 權力上的欺詐 An equitable doctrine prohibiting the exercise of a power, in certain circumstances, for a purpose, or with an intention, beyond the scope of or not justified by the instrument creating the power: Vatcher v Paull [1915] AC 372 (PC). A disposition of property otherwise than in accordance with the terms of the power reserved by, or limited to a person to dispose, either wholly or partially, real or personal property either for his own benefit or for that of others: Re The Estate of Sir Catchick Paul Chater (dec’d) v William Edward Leonard Shenton & The Hong Kong Land Investment & Agency Co Ltd [1927] 22 HKLR 80. Fraud does not mean dishonesty but action beyond the implied scope of a conferred power. When applied to exercises of powers by members of a company, the doctrine is known as fraud on the minority. Constructive fraud has traditionally been considered under its more common manifestation of frauds on a power: Cloutte v Storey [1911] 1 Ch 18 (CA). See also Fraud on the minority. 此等衡平法原則禁止在某些情況下、為某項目的、或在蓄意的情況下，行使超逾設立有關權力的文書的範圍的權力或在該文書並無為該項權力提供依據的情況下行使權力：Vatcher v Paull [1915] AC 372 （樞密院）。指有關的產權處置並非按照留供或限於某人為本身或他人的利益而處置（全部或局部）土地或非土地財產之用的權力條款作出：Re The Estate of Sir Catchick Paul Chater (已故) v William Edward Leonard Shenton & The Hong Kong Land Investment & Agency Co Ltd [1927] 22 HKLR 80。欺詐指超越所賦予權力的隱含範圍的行為，而非不忠實行為。就應用於公司成員行使的權力而言，此等原則稱為「對小數股東的欺詐行為」。過往推定欺詐以其較普遍的形式（即「權力上的欺詐」形式）出現：Cloutte v Storey [1911] 1 Ch 18 (芵國上訴法院)。另見 Fraud on the minority。 |
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