| 单词 | Unjust factor |
| 释义 | 不公平的因素 In restitution, a reason why an enrichment is considered unjust and therefore reversible, such as: the ignorance, mistake, duress, or undue influence of the plaintiff; failure of consideration; unconscientious receipt by the defendant; or public policy. The claimant is required to establish the factor rendering it unjust for the defendant to retain the benefit of the services he has received: Fibrosa Spolka Akcyina v Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour Ltd [1943] AC 32. It is not regarded as unjust for the defendant to retain the money so paid under certain circumstances, such as the change of the defendant’s position: Kleinwort Benson Ltd v Lincoln City Council [1999] 2 AC 349, [1998] 4 All ER 513, 3 WLR 1095 (HL). See also Absence of intention to benefit; Unjust enrichment. 就復還而言，某項收益被視為不公平的原因，並因而可予撤消，例如原告人的不知情、錯誤、威迫或不當影響；不履行代價；被告人不正直的收取；或公共政策。申索人須確立不公平的因素，令致被告人保留其獲得的服務的利益屬於不公平的：Fibrosa Spolka Akcyina v Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour Ltd [1943] AC 32。如被告人保留在若干情況下支付的款項，例如被告人的情況改變，則不會視為不公平：Kleinwort Benson Ltd v Lincoln City Council [1999] 2 AC 349, [1998] 4 All ER 513, 3 WLR 1095（上議院）。另見 Absence of intention to benefit; Unjust enrichment。 |
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