| 单词 | Use |
| 释义 | 享有／使用 Lat – opus – need; benefit. 1. The right to benefit from. 2. To employ or to utilise. Product liability - To consume, employ, or put a product into service. The duty of the manufacturer does not arise unless the use to which the article is put is that which he intended, or at least not materially different: Grant v Australian Knitting Mills Ltd [1936] AC 85 (PC). Real property - 1. Possession and the use of land to derive income or other benefits. 2. Formerly, the situation where property was conveyed to a person (‘feoffee’ or ‘feoffee to uses’) with a provision that the property be held for the benefit of another person (‘cestui que use’). In this way legal title could be separated from the beneficial enjoyment of property. The cestui que use alone was entitled to rents, profits and proceeds of sale of the land. The beneficiary’s interest was not recognised at common law, only in equity. The device was invented in late feudal times to evade feudal incidents of tenure, to permit dispositions of land in ways not permitted at common law, and to enable land to be devised by will. The Statute of Uses was enacted in 1535 in England in an attempt to abolish uses, which vested the legal estate in the beneficiary by executing the use. However, the use was not defeated as a conveyancing device, because courts later upheld the validity of a use upon a use. The Statute of Uses applied only to freehold land thus being inapplicable in Hong Kong. The only relevance of this system of uses and the statute for Hong Kong is that from them developed the trust, which is widely in use in Hong Kong in various forms, including the express, the resulting and the constructive trust: Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong, Vol 15, 2001 Reissue, Land [230.0023]- [230.0026]. See also Equity; Freehold; Seisin. Town planning - The purpose for which land was or may be developed, under an environmental planning instrument or legislation that preserves the continuation of existing uses of land. It comprises activities which are done in, alongside or on the land but do not interfere with the actual characteristics of the land; and it is to be contrasted with ‘operations’, which comprises activities which result in some physical alteration to the land, which has some degree of permanence to the land itself: Parkes v Secretary of State for the Environment [1978] 1 WLR 1308; R v Tang Ying Yip & Anor [1995] 2 HKC 277. See also Environmental planning. 拉丁語 – opus – 需要；利益。1.得到利益的權利。 2.使用或利用。 產品法律責任 - 耗用、使用或將某產品投入使用。製造商的責任不會產生，除非將某產品投入使用是製造商所擬定的，或至少在要項上是相同的：Grant v Australian Knitting Mills Ltd [1936] AC 85（樞密院）。 不動產 - 1.為產生收入或為其他的利益而管有及使用土地。 2.過去，將財產轉易予某人（「不動產受讓人」或「享有使用權的不動產管理人」），而有條文規定財產是為另一人的利益而持有（有用益權的人）時的情形。藉此法律上的所有權可與享有財產的實益權利分開。只有有用益權的人有權獲得租金、收益及土地售賣得益。普通法不承認受益人的權利，只有衡平法承認。這個方法在後封建時期，為逃避封建制度下的土地保有附帶條件而產生，允許普通法不允許使用的處置土地方法，及使土地饋贈可通過遺囑作出。英國在1535年為嘗試廢除受益權而通過《用益權法》，該法藉執行受益權把法律上的產業權歸屬受益人。然而，受益權並沒有作為轉易方法被廢止，因為法庭其後維持受益權中的受益權的有效性。《用益權法》只適用於永久業權土地，香港的法規由此而發展出信託，並以不同形式廣泛地使用，包括明示、歸復信託及法律構定信託：Halsbury’s Laws of Hong Kong第15冊（2001年再發行）土地，第[230.0023]至[230.0026]段。另見 Equity; Freehold; Seisin。 城市計劃 - 根據保留現行土地用途的環境計劃文書或法例，土地已被發展或可被發展的目的。包括於土地內、在土地旁邊在土地上的活動，但干擾該土地實際的特徵；與「作業」相對，「作業」包括引致土地某些實際上的改動的活動，對該土地本身有某程度上永久的改動：Parkes v Secretary of State for the Environment [1978] 1 WLR 1308; R v Tang Ying Yip & Anor [1995] 2 HKC 277。另見 Environmental planning。n. |
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