| 单词 | Marshalling |
| 释义 | 調度 1. The equitable doctrine that permits the holder of a security over one fund to stand in the shoes of another secured creditor to satisfy the debt out of a different fund. The doctrine applies where the holder of security over more than one fund exercises that security right over one of the funds, resulting in a second secured creditor, who has security right due to the common fund having been exhausted. According to the doctrine, the second secured creditor may satisfy the debt from one of the funds the first secured creditor did not need: Aldrich v Cooper (1803) 8 Ves 382. The court does not, however, interfere with the first incumbrancer’s right to satisfy himself out of the first security available: Wallis v Woodyear (1855) 2 Jur NS 179. 2. The right of a surety to have access to the principal’s property to make good what the surety has paid: Heyman v Dubois (1871) LR 13 Dq 158. 3. The rule that where a mortgagor sells part of a property to several purchasers, the mortgagee should look first to the land retained by the mortgagor, and then to the land sold, in inverse order to the date of sale: Harbert’s Case (1854) 3 Co Rep 116, 76 ER 647. 4. An equitable doctrine applied in the administration of deceased estates by which those estate assets remaining after the payment of debts are adjusted or marshalled prior to distribution to ensure the distribution among the beneficiaries entitled accords with the order established under the will, statute or at law: Re Matthews’ Will Trusts [1961] 3 All ER 869. Where each of the two funds has been assigned or charged by the debtor to a different subsequent claimant, equity interposes so as to secure that the claim of the first claimant is borne by the two funds rateably: Smith International Zeesleepen Bergingsbedriff BV v Selco Salvage Ltd [1988] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 398. See also Administration; Distribution; Equity; Final distribution of the estate; Secured creditor; Security. 1.指衡平法原則，允許某基金的保證單持有人處於另一名有抵押債權人的地位，以清償另一個基金的債務。當多於一個基金的保證單持有人行使其中一個基金的保證單權利，引致持有保證單權利的第二保證單持有人因共同基金而消耗，該原則則可應用。根據該項原則，第二保證單持有人可清償由其中一個基金而第一保證單持有人不需要的債務：Aldrich v Cooper (1803) 8 Ves 382。但是，法庭不須干預第一產權負擔持有人滿足第一保證金的權利：Wallis v Woodyear (1855) 2 Jur NS 179。 2. 擔保人的權利，以取得當事人的財產，以修復擔保人已繳付的款項：Heyman v Dubois (1871) LR 13 Dq 158。 3. 指當按揭人向數名買家售賣其財產的一部分，根據售賣日期的倒轉次序，承按人首先須注意按揭人所保留的財產，然後注意所售賣的財產的原則：Harbert’s Case (1854) 3 Co Rep 116, 76 ER 647。 4. 指適用於死者產業權行政的衡平法原則，該等業權資產在債務繳付在分發前被調整或調度後仍被保留，以確定在受益人之間的分發根據遺囑、法規或法律的法令享有協議：Re Matthews’ Will Trusts [1961] 3 All ER 869。當兩個基金中的每一個已由債務人轉易或支付予不同的其後申索人，衡平法將會干涉，以保證第一申索人的申索由兩個基金按比例負擔：Smith International Zeesleepen Bergingsbedriff BV v Selco Salvage Ltd [1988] 2 Lloyd’s Rep 398。另見 Administration; Distribution; Equity; Final distribution of the estate; Secured creditor; Security。n. |
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