单词 | Merchantable quality |
释义 | 可商售品質 In consumer protection law and sale of goods law, the condition of being fit for the purpose or purposes for which goods of that kind are commonly bought; of such standard of appearance and finish; as free from defects (including minor defects); as safe; and as durable, as it is reasonable to expect having regard to any description applied to them, the price (if relevant) and all the other relevant circumstances: Sale of Goods Ordinance (Cap 26) s 2(5); B S Brown & Son Ltd v Craiks Ltd [1970] 1 All ER 823, 1 WLR 752 (HL); Oracle Enterprises Ltd v Gosho Co Ltd [1962] HKLR 702. It is an implied condition of contracts for the sale and supply of goods that the goods are of merchantable quality: Sale of Goods Ordinance (Cap 26) s 16(4). To be of merchantable quality, goods need not be fit for all the purposes for which they may reasonably be expected to be used: Aswan Engineering Establishment Co v Lupdine Ltd (Thurgar Bolle Ltd, third party) [1987] 1 All ER 135, 1 WLR 1 (CA). Where a buyer specifies how a product should be made, and supervises the manufacturing and testing of the product, merchantable quality, otherwise capable of being implied, is negated by such specifications and directions: Galco International Toys NV v Kader Industrial Co Ltd, Kader Industrial Co Ltd v Galco International Toys NV (HCA 250/91, HCA 320/91, HCA 471/91, unreported). See also Fitness for purpose; Implied term; Importer; Manufacturer; Product liability; Sale of goods. 就消費者保護及貨品售賣法律而言,是在顧及就某貨品所作的貨品說明、貨價(如屬有關者)及其他一切有關情況後,可合理預期貨品的一種狀況,即貨品是適用於通常購買該種貨品所作的用途;其外觀及最終修飾達到一定水準;無缺點(包括輕微缺點);安全;及耐用:《貨品售賣條例》(第26章)第2(5)條;B S Brown & Son Ltd v Craiks Ltd [1970] 1 All ER 823, 1 WLR 752 (上議院);Oracle Enterprises Ltd v Gosho Co Ltd [1962] HKLR 702。售賣合約對貨品的可商售品質附隱含條件:《貨品售賣條例》(第26章)第16(4)條。貨品不必適用於所有合理預期該種貨品可作的用途,而仍具可商售品質:Aswan Engineering Establishment Co v Lupdine Ltd (Thurgar Bolle Ltd, third party) [1987] 1 All ER 135, 1 WLR 1 (英國上訴法院)。凡買家指明貨品該如何生產,並對製造過程作出監管者,原來會作出隱含的可商售品質,會被該規格說明及監管所否定:Galco International Toys NV v Kader Industrial Co Ltd, Kader Industrial Co Ltd v Galco International Toys NV(高院民事訴訟1991年第250, 320, 471號,未經彙報)。另見 Fitness for purpose; Implied term; Importer; Manufacturer; Product liability; Sale of goods。 |
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