| 单词 | Open court |
| 释义 | 公開法庭 A court room to which the public has free access during the hearing of proceedings before the court and in respect of which a report of the proceedings may be published. As a general principle, both the Hong Kong Bill of Rights and the common law require that all cases, both civil and criminal, must be heard in open court: Hong Kong Bill of Rights Ordinance (Cap 383) s 8 art 10; R v B Suttill Esq, Magistrate, ex p Asiaweek Ltd [1984] HKC 474; A-G v Li Hok Ting [1986] HKC 105 (CA); Re Takeovers and Mergers Panel [1996] 3 HKC 379. In certain exceptional cases, however, where the administration of justice would be rendered impracticable by the presence of the public, the court may sit in camera: Scott v Scott [1913] AC 417 (HL). Thus the court may sit in camera, either throughout the whole or part of the hearing, where it is necessary for the public safety: R v Governor of Lewes Prison, ex p Doyle [1917] 2 KB 254 (DC). The issue of whether a court is open is a matter of substance rather than form and the phrase is customarily designed to emphasise the publicity of Hong Kong judicial proceedings: McPherson v McPherson [1936] AC 177 (PC); Hawksley v Fewtrell [1954] 1 QB 228, [1953] 2 All ER (CA). The mere fact that the place of the hearing is open in the literal sense may not be sufficient if it is not accompanied by a public intimation of its existence: Dando v Anasastiou [1951] VLR 235. Regard must be had to the facilities available and the facility for keeping order and security: R v Denbigh Justices, ex p Williams [1974] QB 759, 2 All ER 1052. See also Closed court. 指在審理訴訟及進行聆訊時公眾可自由出入，以及關於法律程序報告可被出版的法庭。作為一項普通原則，根據香港人權法案及普通法規定，所有案件，不論是民事或刑事，必須在法院公開聆訊：《香港人權法案條例》（第383章）第8條第十條；R v B Suttill Esq, Magistrate, ex p Asiaweek Ltd [1984] HKC 474; A-G v Li Hok Ting [1986] HKC 105 (上訴法庭); Re Takeovers and Mergers Panel [1996] 3 HKC 379。但是在特定的例外案件之下，如執行司法工作會因公眾在場而導致不切實可行，法庭可以非公開形式進行聆訊：Scott v Scott [1913] AC 417 (上議院)。因此法庭可在整個聆訊或聆訊的一部分過程中，為公眾安全的必要，可以非公開形式進行聆訊：R v Governor of Lewes Prison, ex p Doyle [1917] 2 KB 254（英國地方法院）。法庭是否公開的問題屬實質性事項，而並非形式問題，此短句習慣上用作強調香港司法程序的公開性：McPherson v McPherson [1936] AC 177 (樞密院)；Hawksley v Fewtrell [1954] 1 QB 228, [1953] 2 All ER (芵國上訴法院)。如沒有公眾對其存在的認知作配合，聆訊在文字上屬公開的法律事實並不充分：Dando v Anasastiou [1951] VLR 235。此須考慮可使用的設施及用作維持秩序及保安的設施：R v Denbigh Justices, ex p Williams [1974] QB 759, 2 All ER 1052。另見 Closed court。 |
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