| 单词 | Bolam test |
| 释义 | Bolam 測試 The test by which a medical practitioner is not liable for medical negligence if he or she has acted ‘in accordance with a practice accepted at the time as proper by a responsible body of medical opinion’ even though another body of opinion may adopt a different practice. The test is derived from the English case Bolam v Friern Hospital Management Committee [1957] 2 All ER 118, 1 WLR 582 as a means of determining the standard of care required of a physician. The court will call upon evidence of customary practice, including expert witnesses, to describe the current acceptable methods of treatment and assist in technical matters of which the judge has little knowledge. In applying the test, the court has to be satisfied that the exponents of a body of opinion relied upon can demonstrate that such opinion has a logical basis and that the experts have directed their minds to the question of comparative risks and benefits and have reached a defensible conclusion: Bolitho (administratrix of the estate of Bolitho (dec’d)) v City & Hackney Health Authority [1997] 4 All ER 771, 3 WLR 1151, [1998] AC 232 (HL). See also Medical negligence; Standard of care. 如醫生已按照當時負責的醫學意見公認為適當的做法行事，儘管另一套意認為可採用不同的做法，但憑藉此測試，有關的醫生不須負上醫學上的疏忽責任。此測試源自英國案件Bolam v Friern Hospital Management Committee [1957] 2 All ER 118, 1 WLR 582 ，作為確定醫生所需有的謹慎標準的方法。法庭會傳召慣例證據，包括專家證人，以說明現行獲認受的醫療方法，及就法官認識淺薄的技術性事宜上作出協助。當引用此測試時，法院必須信納說明者所倚賴的一套意見，可證明該意見的基礎合乎邏輯，此外，法院也必須信納有關的專家已將其注意力集中於相對的風險及利益這一問題上，及已達致正當有理的結論﹕Bolitho v City & Hackney Health Authority [1997] 3 WLR 1151。另見 Medical negligence; Standard of care。 |
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