| 单词 | Common law fraud |
| 释义 | 普通法欺詐 Dishonest conduct, the aim of which is to obtain material advantage over another. Common law fraud is proved by plaintiff showing that the defendant made the representation knowing that it was false, or recklessly, not caring whether it was true or false: Derry v Peek (1889) 14 AC 337. Conduct of this kind can constitute the tort of deceit, the remedy for which is damages: Derry v Peek, supra. The standard of proof is the balance of probabilities but an allegation of fraud requires a higher degree of probability: Hornal v Neuberger Products Ltd [1956] 3 All ER 970, [1957] 1 QB 247. See also Deceit; Equitable fraud; Fraud; Fraudulent misrepresentation. 不誠實的行為，其目的是要從別人身上取得實質利益。普通法欺詐由原告人證實，被告人在明知陳述為虛假的情形下或罔顧後果的情形下，即不理陳述是真或假，作出該項陳述：Derry v Peek (1889) 14 AC 337。這類行為構成侵權法欺騙，補救方法為損害賠償：Derry v Peek, 見上文。舉證的準則為相對可能性的衡量，但涉及欺詐指稱的，則需要證明更高程度的可能性：Hornal v Neuberger Products Ltd [1956] 3 All ER 970, [1957] 1 QB 247。另見 Deceit; Equitable fraud; Fraud; Fraudulent misrepresentation。 |
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