| 单词 | Contra proferentem rule |
| 释义 | 文件解釋不利提交者規則 拉丁語 Lat - against the party putting forward. 1. The rule in the construction and interpretation of a written contract that it is to be construed least favourably to the party putting forward the terms thereof. Hence, ambiguities in a contract are construed against (contra) the party putting it forward (the proferens) 2. Bad drafting in a contract however, does not detract from the court’s primary obligation to put into effect where possible, the parties’ intention as determined by reading the contract, however poorly drafted: Mitsui Construction Co Ltd v A-G [1987] HKLR 1076. 3. Particularly applicable to the interpretation of exemption (exclusion or limitation) clauses in which some jurisdictions have passed legislation to protect the weaker party; if the particular clause under review fails the contra preferentem test then it may be necessary to apply the stricter statutory rule: Control of Exemption Clauses Ordinance (Cap 71). See also Bill of Lading; Carrier; Exemption clause. - 意謂不利提交的一方 1. 對書面合約所引用的釋義或詮釋規則。根據這條規則，書面合約條款的解釋，應取不利提出該條款的一方。因此，書面合約條款的解釋有歧義時，解釋應取不利提出該條款的一方。 2. 但對於合約中草擬不妥善的條款，不論條款怎樣不妥善，法庭都會責無旁貸盡可能按照合約條款，來實現締約各方的意圖：Mitsui Construction Co Ltd v A-G [1987] HKLR 1076。 3. 尤其是一些司法管轄區，有法例制定來保障弱勢的一方時，可引用來詮釋免責(豁免或限制責任)條款。如果有關的某特定條款不符合引用文件解釋不利提交者這個準則，則有需要引較嚴格的法定規則：《管制免責條款條例》（第71章）。另見 Bill of Lading; Carrier; Exemption clause。 |
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